Determination of atenolol in pharmaceutical formulations by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Abstract

A simple analytical method for quantification of atenolol in pharmaceutical formulations by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy is described. The method is based on the reaction, on the filter paper surface, between the drug and p-chloranil producing a colored compound. The best reaction conditions were obtained with 20 µL of atenolol solution and 20 µL of p-chloranil. All reflectance measurements were carried out at 550 nm and the linear range was from 1.13x10-2 to 7.88x10-2 mol L-1 (r = 0.9992). The limit of detection was 2.80 x 10-3 mol L-1. The proposed method was successfully applied to analysis of different commercial brands of pharmaceutical formulations and the results obtained by the proposed method were in good agreement with those obtained using the British Pharmacopoeia method.

Overview of the Analysis Methods of Atenolol in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Biological Matrices During 2000 – 2020

“…The results obtained with the proposed method were by those obtained using the British Pharmacopoeia method. [5] Three fast, selective, and sensitive spectrophotometric methods have been proposed for the quantitative determination of atenolol (ATN) in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the complexation reaction of ATN charge transfer as an n-electron donor with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4benzoquinone (DDQ), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), and 2,4,6 -trinitrophenol (picric acid; PA) as a π acceptor that produces radical anion species that are very colorful.…”

A Practical Electrochemical Sensor for Atenolol Detection Based on a Graphene Oxide Composite Film Doped with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

“…[5][6][7] β-blockers are exceptionally toxic and generally have a narrow therapeutic range, thus to devolop sensitive, selective and accurate method for detection of atenolol is an important in pharmaceutical research. [1] Several techniques including high performance liquid chromatography, [8,9] spectrofluorimetry, [10] electrophoresis, [11] voltammetry, [12][13][14][15][16] diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, [17] spectrophotometry, [18] potentiometry, [19] titrimetry, [20] and gas chromatography [21] have been established for the determination of ATE in various sample. From these techniques, chromatographic methods are generally complicate, quite expensive, time-consuming and need sample extraction.…”

Development of Electrochemical Sensor for Simultaneous Quantification of Atenolol and Losartan Potassium

“…Various analytical methods have been reported for the simultaneous quantification as well as of individual component or with other and same compounds (like ATN and LOS) such as chromatographic methods [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], spectroscopic techniques [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and electroanalytical methods [1,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37].Chromatographic and spectroscopic methods require, sample pretreatment, time consuming steps and high costs thus justifying the need for reliable, low cost and simpler methods. Electroanalytical…”