“…To separate target compounds, only RP C18 columns with varying lengths were used, such as 75 mm ProntoSIL-120-5-C18 [ 90 , 114 , 144 ]; 100 mm Phenomenex C18 [ 142 ], Zorbax SB-C18 [ 143 ], and LiChrosorb RP18 [ 100 , 153 ]; 150 mm Luna C18 [ 131 ], SiliaChrom C-18 [ 140 ], Eclipse XDB-C18 [ 146 ], Spherisorb S3 ODS-2 C18 [ 149 ], Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 [ 151 ], and Aquity UPLC HSS T3 [ 154 ]; 220 mm Aquapore RP-300 [ 152 ]; 250 mm Shim-pack C-18 [ 96 ], Hypersil C18 [ 141 , 147 ], X-Bridge C18 [ 145 ], and Phenomenex C18 [ 148 ]; 300 mm Bondclone C18 [ 133 ]; and 1000 mm Hypersil Gold [ 75 ]. The presence of various eluents requires the frequent use of formic acid [ 75 , 96 , 142 , 150 , 151 ], acetic acid [ 133 , 141 , 148 ], phosphoric acid [ 140 , 146 ] as the polar eluent and methanol [ 133 , 140 ] and acetonitrile [ 96 , 114 , 141 , 142 ] as the non-polar eluent. The addition of lithium perchlorate [ 90 , 114 , 144 ] and tetrahydrofuran [ 152 ] resulted in better resolution and improved peak shapes.…”