Tomographic diagnosis and relevant aspects of otosclerosis

Abstract

A literature review and pictorial essay were developed to discuss the importance of knowing the main findings and locations of otosclerosis at multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). The authors performed a retrospective review of cases of otosclerosis diagnosed in their institution by means of high resolution multidetector computed tomography. Otosclerosis corresponds to otic capsule dysplasia characterized by metabolic derangement of its endochondral layer. Such condition constitutes a relevant cause of sensorineural hearing loss, affecting about 7% to 10% of the general population. The diagnosis is usually clinical, but imaging methods play a significant role in the anatomical detailing, differential diagnosis, surgical planning and evaluation of postoperative complications. Among such methods, the relevance of MDCT is highlighted. Radiologists should be familiar with the MDCT findings of otosclerosis, as well as with the temporal bone anatomy to assist in the appropriate clinical management of this disease.

Otosclerose: uma revisão de literatura

“…Research, Society andDevelopment, v. 12, n. 5, e26912541895, 2023 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i5.41895 A tomografia computadorizada multidetectores (TCMD) é um aliado ao estudo da otosclerose, pois auxilia na busca pela localização e caracterização da lesão, confirmação do diagnóstico e programação cirúrgica, além de oportunizar realização de diagnóstico diferencial. Além disso, esse exame auxilia na visualização das janelas, espessura da platina, densidade óssea da região de cápsula e possíveis alterações do endósteo (Gaiotti et al, 2013).…”

“…A otosclerose está associada a um quadro de osteólise inicial, também chamado de espongiose, que posteriormente está relacionada a reconstrução com osso displásico e denso, conhecido como esclerose. Dessa forma, esses termos "otosclerose" e "otoespongiose" são nomenclaturas diferentes de duas etapas da mesma doença, considerando a otosclerose a última etapa (Gaiotti et al, 2013).…”

High-resolution computed tomography and pure-tone audiometry in patients with otosclerosis in the spongiotic phase

“…Such studies are heterogeneous in some respects; for example, regarding the use of different diagnostic methods, and the correlation of varying audiometric and tomographic parameters. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Data in the literature showing a relationship between highresolution CT and audiometric findings are conflicting. This applies to both the conductive hearing loss component and the sensory ability affected by possible damage to the cochlea.…”