Etiologia do declínio de mangostanzeiros no sul da Bahia

Abstract

CÉLIO KERSUL DO SACRAMENTO 6 RESUMO -O declínio do mangostanzeiro (Garcinia mangostana L.) no litoral sul do Estado da Bahia é hoje o principal problema da cultura, sendo caracterizado por sintomas de murcha, amarelecimento, seca e queda de folhas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo acompanhar a evolução da sintomatologia da doença, isolar e identificar os potenciais patógenos causadores do declínio do mangostanzeiro. A doença começa com a necrose das radículas, a qual atinge as raízes secundárias, primárias e progride até à base do tronco que desenvolve lesões necróticas extensas. Os sintomas secundários são clorose, murcha e queda das folhas. ETIOLOGY OF THE DECLINE OF MANGOSTEEN IN THE SOUTHERN BAHIAABSTRACT -The decline of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) in the southern coast of the state of Bahia is today the main problem of the culture, being characterized by symptoms of wilting, yellowing, blight and defoliation. This study was aimed to follow the evolution of the symptoms of the disease, isolate and identify the possible pathogen of mangosteen decline. The disease begins in the roots and progresses toward the canopy, leading to plant death. Samples of infected tissue from diseased plants were taken to laboratory where the following fungal species were isolated and identified: Lasiodiplodia theobromae, L. parva, Mycoleptodiscus sp., Rhizopus sp., Stilbella sp., Aspergillus sp. and Trichoderma spp. Only Lasiodiplodia theobromae and L. parva were pathogenic to fragments of roots and stems in vitro and mangosteen seedlings in glass house, being the first species the more virulent. The taxonomy of the genus Lasiodiplodia and some conditions that influence the development of the disease in the field were analyzed.

Identification of the Causal Agent of Sooty Stem and Branches Wilt Disease in Some Trees in Iraq

“…Based on the phenotypic characteristics, several fungi species could be identified and classified belong to Botryosphaeriaceae family (Taylor et al, 2000), as all fungi that are classified with morphological features (Leslie et al, 2006). These fungi species showed a significant genetic variation (Paim et al, 2012).…”

“…The main symptoms include wilted branches of the walnut trees (Wilson, 1947) and apricots (Calavan and Wallace, 1955). Recently, the fungus was classified belong to Botryosphaeriaceae family, which includes several plant pathogens considers as saprophytic and parasitic species that distributed globally with the genetic variations (Slippers and Wingfield, 2007;Paim et al, 2012). As a result of the technology development, we recommend using PCR technique, an accurate and rapid tool, for identifying several plant pathogens, including fungi (Fang and Ramsamy, 2015).…”

Fungos Colonizando Palmeiras Em Áreas De Caatinga Do Sertão Da Bahia

“…Os danos causados por L. theobromae são variáveis em função da espécie da planta parasitada, podendo causar queima das folhas, formação de cancro em caules de espécies arbóreas, podridão dos frutos, tubérculos e raízes, morte do vegetal. Apesar de patogênico, acredita-se que a severidade do fungo está associada a fatores de estresse, como estado nutricional da planta, suprimento de água e condições físicas do solo (Paim, 2010). Lasiodiplodia theobromae foi encontrado colonizando raque de licurizeiro em decomposição e, embora apresente ampla distribuição, a mesma ainda não havia sido documentada em S. coronata.…”

Re-evaluation of Mycoleptodiscus species and morphologically similar fungi

“…Gerdemann (1953), when introducing Mycoleptodiscus (as Leptodiscus ), demonstrated M. terrestris to be a pathogen of herbaceous Fabaceae with economic interest, such as Glycine , Lespedeza , Lotus , Medicago , Melilotus , Pisum , and Trifolium in the USA. Other Mycoleptodiscus species have also been reported to cause diseases of economically important plants, such as Alloteropsis , Carpobrotus , Cattleya , Dianella , Panicum , and Stypandra in Australia (Sutton & Alcorn 1985, 1990, Alcorn 1994, Cannon & Alcorn 1994), Eucalyptus , Garcinia , and Vanilla in Brazil (Sutton & Hodges 1976, Bezerra & Ram 1986, Paim et al 2012), Piper in the Dominican Republic (Watanabe et al 1997), Ficus in Peru (Matsushima 1993), Arecaceae in Taiwan (Matsushima 1987), Fabaceae (including Lotus ) and Zamia in the USA (Ostazeski 1967, Sutton 1973, Vanev 1983). They have also occurred on several plant species in Brunei, Cuba, India, New Zealand, and Nigeria (Sutton & Hodges 1976, Sutton & Alcorn 1990).…”