Use of the heat dissipation method for sap flow measurement in citrus nursery trees1

Girardi, Eduardo Augusto; Filho, Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão; Delgado-Rojas, Juan Sinforiano; Araújo, João Paulo de Campos

doi:10.1590/s0100-29452011005000007

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Vellame et al (2012), estudando a laranjeira Valência, observaram que a relação entre a transpiração e a evapotranspiração de referência não foi linear em toda a faixa de demanda evaporativa da atmosfera, variando em função da disponibilidade energética do período de estudo. Girardi et al (2010) observaram em árvores de citros que houve diminuição temporária do fluxo de seiva nos períodos de máximo estresse hídrico, usualmente observado ao meio-dia, sendo este fato possivelmente atribuído ao fechamento estomático.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Método de dissipação térmica para determinação do fluxo de seiva em coqueiro anão-verde

2013

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O conhecimento da demanda hídrica das culturas é uma informação básica para o manejo de irrigação. O método de dissipação térmica (MDT) vem recebendo atenção nos últimos tempos para esta finalidade, em virtude de utilizar princípios físicos relativamente simples e poder ser aplicado diretamente no campo. Este trabalho objetivou realizar a calibração do método de sonda de dissipação térmica na determinação do fluxo de seiva em coqueiro anão-verde. Para a calibração, a sonda foi inserida em um segmento de pecíolo da folha do coqueiro-anão verde. Um fluxo estável de água foi estabelecido no segmento do pecíolo. Foram feitas medidas de vazão, volume por unidade de tempo, e temperatura, dada pela sonda. Após a calibração em laboratório foram realizados experimentos de campo na Região Norte Fluminense, Brasil, nos quais o modelo calibrado foi capaz de acompanhar a demanda atmosférica. Conclui-se que modelo matemático obtido da calibração do MDT é satisfatório para a obtenção da transpiração no coqueiro anão-verde.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Método de dissipação térmica para determinação do fluxo de seiva em coqueiro anão-verde

2013

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“…Besides the characteristics of high resistance to water vapor diffusion, citrus have some sort of adaptive response, when exposed to high atmospheric demand for a certain period (Hall et al, 1975;Syvertsen and Lloyd, 1994). Girardi et al (2010) observed in citrus trees that there was temporary reduction in sap flow in periods of maximum water stress, usually observed at noon, which can be attributed possibly to stomatal closure.…”

Section: Transpirationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of partial soil wetting on transpiration, vegetative growth and root system of young orange trees

Vellame

Júnior

Coelho

2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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The wetted area fraction is a factor critical to the success of drip irrigation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of partial soil wetting on transpiration, vegetative growth and root system of young orange trees. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse where plants were grown in 0.5 m 3 boxes internally divided into compartments. The wetting of 12 % of soil area was tested on two types of soil cultivated with 'Valencia' orange trees grafted onto Rangpur lime and 'Swingle' citrumelo rootstocks. Transpiration was determined in 40 plants. Water extraction and root density were evaluated in the compartments. Transpiration is reduced by restriction in wetted soil area, and such reduction is influenced by the number of days after the beginning of partial irrigation, atmospheric evaporative demand and plant phenological stage.Mean transpiration of plants with partial irrigation was equivalent to 84 % of the mean transpiration of plants with 100 % of wetted soil area in the period studied. However, after 156 days of imposing partial irrigation there was no difference in transpiration between treatments. Plant acclimation was caused by an increase in root concentration in the irrigated area. After a period of acclimation, if the entire root system is wetted, soil water extraction becomes proportional to the percentage of wetted area after a short period of time. Despite the reduction in transpiration, there was no difference between treatments with 12 % and 100 % of wetted soil area in terms of vegetative growth.

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“…Agreement between the three methods was good, particularly over 24-h intervals, providing attention was given to possible sources of error. The problems associated with the use of the heat dissipation method for continuous measurement of sap flow in containerised nursery plants, as an aid to irrigation management, have been highlighted by Girardi et al (2010).…”

Section: Summary: Plant Water Relations (Mainly Based On Previous Revmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The problems associated with the use of the heat dissipation method for continuous measurement of sap flow in containerised nursery plants, as an aid to irrigation management, have been highlighted by Girardi et al . (2010).…”

Section: Crop Water Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE WATER RELATIONS AND IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS OF CITRUS (CITRUSSPP.): A REVIEW

Carr

2012

Ex. Agric.

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SUMMARYThe results of research on the water relations and irrigation need of Citrus spp. are collated and reviewed in an attempt to link fundamental studies on crop physiology to drought mitigation and irrigation practices. Background information is given on the centres of origin (south-east Asia) and of production of citrus (areas with subtropical Mediterranean-type climates). The effects of water stress on the development processes of the crop are summarised followed by reviews of the plant water relations, crop water requirements, water productivity and irrigation systems. The topic is complicated by the diversity of species and cultivars (including rootstocks) that are embraced within Citrus spp. The effects of water availability on vegetative growth are understood in general terms, but the relationships have not yet been quantified. Similarly, the need for a ‘rest period’ to induce flowering is understood, but its magnitude (in terms of a drought stress index or day-degrees) does not appear to have been specified with precision. Again, the effects of drought on flower and fruit formation and retention are understood in general terms, but the relationships have not been quantified in useful ways for specific cultivars. Rooting depth and distribution have only been described in a limited number of situations. Environmental factors influencing stomatal conductances are generally well described and relationships with some growth processes established. Compared with other crops, low stomatal/canopy conductance restricts water use of Citrus spp. Some (limited) progress has been made in quantifying crop water requirements in specific conditions. Despite many recent attempts to specify how little water can be applied at specific growth stages to optimise water productivity through regulated deficit irrigation, no consensus view has emerged. The yield response to ‘full’ irrigation is of the order 6–7 kg fresh fruit m−3 as a result of an increase in the number of fruit of marketable size. There are also improvements in fruit quality. The most effective way of irrigating a citrus orchard is with a microirrigation system (drip or microsprinklers), but both methods require answers to the question: what proportion of the root zone needs to be irrigated? Both methods, especially drip, allow water to be applied (with fertigation) at very frequent intervals (including several times a day), although formal evidence of the benefits to be obtained from this level of intensification is lacking.

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Use of the heat dissipation method for sap flow measurement in citrus nursery trees1

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Método de dissipação térmica para determinação do fluxo de seiva em coqueiro anão-verde

Método de dissipação térmica para determinação do fluxo de seiva em coqueiro anão-verde

Effect of partial soil wetting on transpiration, vegetative growth and root system of young orange trees

THE WATER RELATIONS AND IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS OF CITRUS (CITRUSSPP.): A REVIEW

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