Estado actual de fruticultura colombiana y perspectivas para su desarrollo

Abstract

1DIEGO MIRANDA LASPRILLA 2 RESUMEN -La horticultura en Colombia comprende las áreas de floricultura, fruticultura, olerícultura, producción de plantas aromáticas y medicinales y la horticultura urbana. La promoción y desarrollo del sector frutícola representa para Colombia una importante fuente de crecimiento de la agricultura, de generación de empleo rural y de desarrollo con equidad para las distintas regiones puesto que las frutas pueden asentarse en los diversos pisos térmicos de que dispone el país, a la vez que conforma una producción administrada con criterios de eficiencia y sostenibilidad en escalas que van desde micro, pequeños y medianos productores hasta grandes productores y empresas. Durante las últimas cuatro décadas el área sembrada en frutas expresa una dinámica de constante crecimiento, consiguiendo así aumentar su participación tanto en el área dedicada a cultivos no transables, como en el total del área de la agricultura sin café. Así, mientras en 1970 la participación del área frutícola en los no transables era del 1,6%, en el 2005 ésta era del 12,6%. Las áreas plantadas en frutas en Colombia pasaron de 191.035 ha en 2003 a 225.325 ha en 2007 lo que representa un crecimiento de 17,9 %, mientras que los volúmenes de producción pasaron de 2.675.736 t a 3.279.264 t en el mismo período en 47 especies frutícolas. El Plan Frutícola Nacional -PFN, constituye una propuesta estratégica conformada por conjunto coherente de objetivos, estrategias y programas que, con base en una visión de futuro, buscan la meta inicial de duplicar el área de la producción frutícola nacional, asegurar las condiciones tecnológicas y de innovación para una producción sostenible y de calidad, agregar valor en la cadena frutícola, y lograr una vinculación plena en los mercados internacionales. Se busca que los participantes conozcan los principales desarrollos de la fruticultura Colombiana, sus retos y oportunidades para la próxima década. Palabras Clave: Fruticultura, cadenas productivas, Investigación, desarrollo tecnológico. ACTUAL STATE OF COLOMBIAN POMOLOGY AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENTABSTRACT -Horticulture in Colombia includes the areas of floriculture, pomology, olericulture, production of medicinal and aromatic plants, and urban horticulture. Promotion and development of fruit production sector in Colombia represents a major source of agricultural growth, rural employment generation, and equitable development for different regions, since fruit crops could be settled in different climatic zones of the country making an efficient and sustainable production at scales ranging from micro, small and medium to large producers and companies. During the past four decades the area planted in fruit crops expresses a dynamics of constant growth, increasing their presence in areas devoted to non-tradable crops and total agricultural area without coffee. Thus, while in 1970 the share of fruit crops in non-tradable area was 1.6%, in 2005 it was 12.6%. The areas planted with fruits in Colombia had increased from 191,035 in 200...

Population genetics and migration pathways of the Mediterranean fruit flyCeratitis capitatainferred with coalescent methods

“…A notable success of this program was the development of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) ( Szyniszewska & Tatem, 2014 ). On the other side, Colombia has also recognised the presence of the medfly ( ICA, 2010 ) and triggered the National Fruit Fly program focusing on detection, control and eradication methods of medfly based on mass trapping and chemical application ( Conpes, 2008 ; Lasprilla, 2011 ). Despite of that, these phytosanitary efforts are not enough to reduce the potential pest risk of Colombian commodities ( PPHIS, 2018 ; Szyniszewska et al, 2016 ) and the COI study produced clear evidence for the unidirectional migration from Colombia to Guatemala.…”

Respiration and ethylene generation modeling of “Hass” avocado and feijoa fruits and application in modified atmosphere packaging

“…We decided to study these two fruits because they have been considered promising for cultivation in Colombia due their export possibilities. [19] . Therefore, developing models to predict the behavior of respiration and ethylene production with application in MAP will boost these processes.…”

A Bio-refinery Approach from Pineapple in the Context of Non-Technified Crops: The Choco-Colombian Region

“…In general, pineapple production in countries such as Thailand is concentrated in thousands of small farms; while the production and marketing of pineapple in countries such as the Philippines, Costa Rica, Honduras and Ecuador is represented by large plantation systems with mechanized operations (Sinha et al, 2012). In Colombia, despite some efforts and government policies that seek to support and promote the agroindustrialization of products such as pineapple (Lasprilla, 2011), in some regions, such as the Choco-Colombian region, the cultural, demographic, geographic and development characteristics of the region limit the possibility of industrialization, production and commercialization of pineapple. For that reason, the trend remains pineapple production in small non-technical farms and mainly for consumption in local markets.…”