Morfologia de frutos, sementes e plântulas de castanheira (Terminalia catappa L. - COMBRETACEAE)

Abstract

, FABÍOLA VITTI MÔRO 5 RESUMO -O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de descrever morfologicamente os frutos, sementes e plântulas de castanheira. Foi feita a biometria dos frutos e das sementes e sua caracterização quanto à forma, por meio de mensurações com paquímetro e observações realizadas em estereomicroscópio com câmara clara. Os frutos de castanheira são carnosos, indeiscentes, do tipo nucóide, glabros, de coloração verde a vinácea, projeção das nervuras carpelares externamente evidentes, com epicarpo delgado, mesocarpo carnoso e esponjoso de coloração vinácea, com feixes vasculares conspícuos em corte transversal. Geralmente, cada fruto contém apenas uma semente. As sementes são exalbuminosas, de formas alongadas e cilíndricas, recobertas por endocarpo rígido de coloração marrom; possuem cerca de 2,5cm, 0,7cm e 0,7cm, de comprimento, largura e espessura, respectivamente. A germinação das sementes de castanheira é epígea, e a plantula é fanerocotiledonar. Termos para indexação: germinação, reflorestamento, arborização, biometria, chapéu-de-sol. MORPHOLOGY OF THE FRUIT, THE SEED AND THE SEEDLINGS OF CHESTNUT TREE (Terminalia catappa L. -COMBRETACEAE)ABSTRACT -The work was carried out with the objective of describing morphologically the fruits, seeds and seedlings of chestnut tree. It was made the biometry of the fruits and seeds with a digital pachymeter and its characterization in relation to the shape, in stereomicroscope with clear chamber. It can be evidenced that the chestnut tree fruits are fleshly, indehiscent, nucoid, glabrous, from green to purple coloration, with evident projection of the carpel ribbings, with a fleshly and spongy epicarp and mesocarp, of purple color, with conspicuous vascular bundle in transversal cut. Generally, it has a seed per fruit. The seeds are unalbuminous, of prolongated and cylindrical shape and recovered with a rigid endocarp of brown coloration. The seeds possess about 2,5; 0,7 and 0,7 cm, of length, width and thickness, respectively. The germination of the seeds of chestnut tree is epigeal and the seedling is fanerocotyledonary.

Chemical, morphological, and thermogravimetric of Terminalia catappa Linn

“…Ivani et al (2008) and Lima (2012), found close values, 5.51 ± 0.48 cm. 3.99 ± 0.44 cm, 5.00 ± 0.48 cm, and 3.82 ± 0.42 cm, respectively, in the whole fruit.…”

“…Terminalia catappa is a drupe with a fleshy pulp. During maturation, it changes color from green to dark purplish-red; it has an oleaginous kernel coated with a thin film (Thomson & Evans, 2006;Ivani et al, 2008;González-Mendoza et al, 2009). …”

“…Its kernels, which are also edible, are a source of proteins and lipids (Cavalcante et al, 1986;Matos et al, 1992;Ivani et al, 2008).…”

Balance of elements and tolerance of the Terminalia catappa L. to seawater salinity

“…With a medium to large size, the Indian almond tree is 15 to 40 m high and has a wide and scattered treetop over horizontal branches, which originate from the straight to tortuous trunk in an evenly spaced manner. The trunk is composed of a brownish, rough and fissured bark with a diameter varying from 55 to 155 cm (Ivani et al, 2008).…”

An in vitro analysis of the total phenolic content, antioxidant power, physical, physicochemical, and chemical composition of Terminalia Catappa Linn fruits

“…They are edible and are used in food, especially for children, birds, and other animals. In addition to the pulp, the nut inside the seed is also edible − a source of proteins and lipids (CAVALCANTE et al, 1986;MATOS et al, 1992;IVANI et al, 2008).…”