Plantas hospedeiras de lepidópteros minadores em pomar de citros em Montenegro-RS

Abstract

RESUMO -Este trabalho teve como objetivos verificar e identificar lepidópteros minadores em plantas de crescimento espontâneo, presentes em pomar de citros, e verificar se o "minador-das-folhas-dos-citros", Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidóptera: Gracillariidae), ocorre nessas plantas espontâneas. O trabalho foi conduzido em um pomar de tangoreiro 'Murcott', em Montenegro-RS. Realizaramse amostragens quinzenais, de maio de 2003 a maio de 2004, coletando-se, em cada ocasião, todas as plantas e/ou ramos com minas, contidas na área delimitada por um aro de 0,28 m 2 , que era jogado nas linhas e nas entrelinhas de 30 árvores sorteadas. As plantas hospedeiras dos minadores foram coletadas para identificação. Registraram-se 11 espécies de lepidópteros minadores, distribuídas em seis famílias, coletadas em 15 espécies de plantas hospedeiras de nove famílias botânicas. A comunidade de plantas de crescimento espontâneo, na área amostrada, hospedou uma vasta diversidade de lepidópteros minadores, incluindo até possíveis novas famílias, porém não hospedaram P. citrella. Termos para indexação: Lepidóptera, Phyllocnistis citrella, minador de folhas, vegetação espontânea. HOST PLANTS OF LEPIDOPTERA LEAFMINERS IN CITRUS ORCHARD IN MONTENEGRO-RS, BRAZILABSTRACT -This study aimed to verify and to identify Lepidopterous leafminers in plants of spontaneous growth present in citrus orchard and to verify the occurrence of "citrus leafminer", Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), on those plants of spontaneous growth. The work was conducted in Montenegro, RS, in a tangor 'Murcott' hybrid orchard. Samplings were taken every fortnightly, from May, 2003 to May, 2004, collecting in each occasion all plants and or branches with mines found in a area delimited by an 0.28 m 2 arch thrown in the lines and between lines of 30 randomly chosen trees. The host plants of the leafminers were collected for identification. Eleven species of Lepidoptera leafminers were found distributed in six families, collected in 15 species of host plants of nine botanical families. The community of plants of spontaneous growth in the studied area hosted a huge diversity of Lepidoptera leafminers, including possible new families; however it did not hosted P. citrella.

Morphology and anatomy of leaf miners in two species of Commelinaceae (Commelina diffusa Burm. f. and Floscopa glabrata (Kunth) Hassk)

“…In Floscopa glabrata the miner was a member of Chironomidae, while in Commelina diffusa it was a member of Agromyzidae. Santos et al (2006) also described the occurrence of larvae and pupae of Agromyzidae member (Liriomyza commeliae) in Commelina diffusa. The Agromyzidae-leaf relationship is well known and the larval phase of these insects is generally associated with plants (Stehr 1991).…”

“…Among the current plant species, there are many reports on miners in a large number of families including Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Clusiaceae, Commelinaceae, Convolvulaceae, Dipsacaceae, Lamiaceae, Mytaceae, Poaceae, Rubiaceae, and Rutaceae (Hering 1951;Melo-de-Pinna et al 2002;Almeida-Cortez & Melo-de-Pinna 2006;Santos et al 2006). Santos et al (2006) recently showed the occurrence of dipteran miners in Commelinaceae and fi ve more families of angiosperms, and Commelina diffusa was the only representative of Commelinaceae.…”

“…Santos et al (2006) recently showed the occurrence of dipteran miners in Commelinaceae and fi ve more families of angiosperms, and Commelina diffusa was the only representative of Commelinaceae. In addition, the authors found 81 larvae and 43 pupae of Liriomyza commelinae (Agromyzidae) in the Commelinaceae member.…”

Stigmella epicosma (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae): First Distribution Records from Chile and First Host Plant Record

“…Little is known about the biology and the host plants of the immature stages of Neotropical Nepticulidae. Only eight plant genera belonging to eight families were mentioned as hosts for nepticulid larvae in the Neotropic by Puplesis et al (2002b) and, recently, Santos et al (2008) added a host record for an unidenti ied species of Nepticulidae of the genus Stigmella Schrank.…”

“…Previously only two other genera of Asteraceae had been mentioned as host plants for larvae of two other species of Neotropical Nepticulidae (Bourquin 1962, Santos et al 2008. Thus, T. cacalioides is not only the irst host plant known for S. epicosma, it is the irst report of the genus Trixis as a host for any Neotropical nepticulid larva.…”