Mathematical modeling for the management of the carrying capacity of aquaculture enterprises in lakes and reservoirs

Abstract

-Flooded areas of reservoirs and artificial lakes have been increasingly used for fish production; however, the waste generated by aquaculture has become a concern for the sustainable development of this activity. One of the main strategies adopted by management and regulatory agencies is the use of hydrodynamic models that calculate the carrying or nutrient load capacity of a particular water body and the effect of fish farming. These models are precise in the development of optimal strategies for feeding and waste calculation. This review paper addresses this topic and describes the methodology developed for the analysis and simulation of the carrying capacity for fish production, based on the integration of the Fish-PrFEQ nutritional bioenergetic model and the hydrodynamic model of Dillon & Rigler. This methodology allows evaluating the real contribution of aquaculture waste and assists in the planning and management of aquaculture in these aquatic environments, besides enabling and encouraging producers and the aquaculture industry to use fish food with better nutritional quality and lower environmental impact.Index terms: hydrodynamic modeling, mass balance, nutritional bioenergetics, solid waste, sustainable aquaculture. Modelagem matemática para gestão da capacidade de suporte de empreendimentos aquícolas em lagos e reservatóriosResumo -Áreas inundadas de reservatórios e lagos artificiais estão sendo cada vez mais utilizadas para a produção de peixes; contudo, os resíduos lançados pela aquicultura tornaram-se uma preocupação para o desenvolvimento sustentável desta atividade. Uma das principais estratégias adotadas pelos órgãos gestores e fiscalizadores consiste no uso de modelos hidrodinâmicos que calculam a capacidade de suporte ou de carga de nutrientes de um determinado corpo hídrico e a influência dos cultivos de peixes. Esses modelos são precisos no desenvolvimento de estratégias ideais de alimentação e cálculo de resíduos. Este trabalho de revisão aborda esta temática e traz uma descrição da metodologia desenvolvida para análise e simulação da capacidade de suporte para produção de pescados, baseada na integração do modelo bioenergético nutricional "Fish-PrFEQ" com o modelo hidrodinâmico de Dillon & Rigler. Esta metodologia permite avaliar a real contribuição de resíduos aquícolas e auxilia no planejamento e na gestão da aquicultura nestes ambientes aquáticos, além de possibilitar e incentivar que os produtores e a indústria aquícola utilizem rações de melhor qualidade nutricional e menor impacto ambiental.Termos para indexação: modelagem hidrodinâmica, balanço de massa, bioenergética nutricional, resíduos sólidos, aquicultura sustentável.

Food web and ecological models used to assess aquatic ecosystems submitted to aquaculture activities

“…As one of the main problems of aquaculture is the generation of waste, the bioenergetic models were developed to assist in this estimation and have exhibited high accuracy. These models take into account environmental conditions such as temperature, species characteristics such as basal metabolism, and feed properties such as digestibility (BUENO et al, 2017). One of the prominent bioenergetic models in aquaculture has been implemented in the FishPrFEQ software (CHO & BUREAU, 1998), which incorporates growth equations for fish at different stages of cultivation.…”

“…One of the prominent bioenergetic models in aquaculture has been implemented in the FishPrFEQ software (CHO & BUREAU, 1998), which incorporates growth equations for fish at different stages of cultivation. BUENO et al (2017) created a bioenergetic model to simulate the production of tilapias in net-tanks, which allowed daily estimates of phosphorus emissions from the cultivation system throughout the productive period and in all breeding phases.…”

“…Mathematical modelling is one of the ways to understand the structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. It has been increasingly developed and widely used, especially in recent years (BUENO et al, 2017;HAAK et al, 2017;VASSLIDES et al, 2017;WHITE et al, 2017;ZHOU et al, 2017). In the last two decades, more than 100 mathematical models have been developed and applied in aquatic ecosystems (TROLLE et al, 2012).…”

Performance measures and models for open‐water integrated multi‐trophic aquaculture

“…; Bueno et al . ) and have been applied to fish as the upper trophic level in IMTA systems (Reid et al . , ).…”

“…To account for temperature effects on ectothermic growth, the von Bertalanffy equation has been modified, such as with the thermal growth coefficient (TGC, Iwama & Tautz 1981). TGC models are common in fish culture (Cho & Bureau 1998;Dumas et al 2007;Chowdhury et al 2013;Bueno et al 2017) and have been applied to fish as the upper trophic level in IMTA systems . TGC is a function of historical growth performance under a given temperature regimen, but it may not perform well when applied beyond those conditions (Jobling 2003).…”