Glicosídeos cianogênicos e compatibilidade de enxertia em pereiras asiáticas enxertadas sobre Pyrus calleryana e P.betulifolia

Pereira, Ivan dos Santos; Pereira, José Francisco Martins; Campos, Ângela Diniz; Petri, José Luiz; Couto, Marcelo

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2015000900015

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Fibers were libriform, and the radial parenchyma was composed of mostly uniseriate rays (only one cell wide), and also with multiseriate rays (with two or three cells of width), with the presence of crystals in fibrous chambers, and with wall-thickening of vessel elements and fibers in spiral form. By the comparison of the component elements of the secondary xylem, the causes of low-growth of pear tree cultivars grafted on C. sinensis may be linked to enzymes (Pereira et al, 2015). Thirty measurements for length and diameter, and ten for frequency.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomic compatibility of pear and quince trees grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks

Melo

Pio

Balbi

et al. 2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the graft growth and the anatomical characterization of pear (Pyrus communis x P. pyrifolia) and quince (Cydonia oblonga) cultivars grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks. Sprouted graft percentages at 60 days and the length and diameter of the graft sproutings at 120 days were evaluated. Stem cuttings from the grafting region were performed in transversal and longitudinal sections, and the secondary xylem was separated for tissue comparison. The pear trees showed good development on P. calleryana rootstock, and the anatomical sections showed that the vascular tissues were connected, which did not occur when the trees were grafted on C. sinensis, in which the grafts sprouted, but did not develop, and the vascular tissues did not connect. The quince trees showed good development on both rootstocks due to the good connection of the vascular tissues. The connection of vascular tissues is essential for the success of grafting. The evaluated species did not differ significantly as to their secondary xylem tissues. The incompatibility found between the pear trees and the C. sinensis rootstocks is not anatomical.Index terms: Cydonia oblonga, Pyrus communis x P. pyrifolia, intergeneric grafting, interspecific grafting, plant anatomy, vascular connection. Compatibilidade anatômica de pereiras e marmeleiros enxertados nos porta-enxertos Pyrus calleryana e Chaenomeles sinensisResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento dos enxertos e a caracterização anatômica de cultivares de pereira e marmeleiro enxertadas nos porta-enxertos Pyrus calleryana e Chaenomeles sinensis. Foram feitas avaliações quanto às percentagens dos enxertos brotados aos 60 dias e quanto ao comprimento e o diâmetro da brotação dos enxertos aos 120 dias. Cortaram-se porções caulinares da região da enxertia, em seções transversais e longitudinais, e o xilema secundário foi separado para comparação dos tecidos. As pereiras apresentaram bom desenvolvimento sobre o porta-enxerto P. calleryana, e os cortes anatômicos apresentaram tecidos vasculares conectados, o que não ocorreu quando as pereiras foram enxertadas em C. sinensis, em que os enxertos brotaram mas não se desenvolveram, e os tecidos vasculares não se conectaram. Os marmeleiros apresentaram bom desenvolvimento em ambos os porta-enxertos, em razão da boa conexão dos tecidos vasculares. A conexão dos tecidos vasculares é fundamental para o sucesso da enxertia. As espécies utilizadas não diferiram significativamente quanto a seus tecidos do xilema secundário. A incompatibilidade encontrada entre as pereiras e o porta-enxerto C. sinensis não é anatômica.Termos para indexação: Cydonia oblonga, Pyrus communis x P. pyrifolia, enxertia intergenérica, enxertia interespecífica, anatomia de plantas, conexão vascular.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomic compatibility of pear and quince trees grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks

Melo

Pio

Balbi

et al. 2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Differences in concentration of CGs, primarily prunasin, was found to be responsible for the incompatibility between Prunus persica and Prunus mume ( Pereira et al, 2018 ). Therefore, grafting between such plants with great differences in CG concentrations may end up in generating incompatibility reactions between the partners ( Pereira et al, 2015 ). Plant hormones, especially auxins determine the compatibility of a rootstock-scion combination by interacting with phenolic compounds.…”

Section: Role Of Phenolic Compounds In Graft Incompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Underlying Graft Union Formation and Rootstock Scion Interaction in Horticultural Plants

et al. 2020

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Grafting is a common practice for vegetative propagation and trait improvement in horticultural plants. A general prerequisite for successful grafting and long term survival of grafted plants is taxonomic proximity between the root stock and scion. For the success of a grafting operation, rootstock and scion should essentially be closely related. Interaction between the rootstock and scion involves complex physiological-biochemical and molecular mechanisms. Successful graft union formation involves a series of steps viz., lining up of vascular cambium, generation of a wound healing response, callus bridge formation, followed by vascular cambium formation and subsequent formation of the secondary xylem and phloem. For grafted trees compatibility between the rootstock/scion is the most essential factor for their better performance and longevity. Graft incompatibility occurs on account of a number of factors including of unfavorable physiological responses across the graft union, transmission of virus or phytoplasma and anatomical deformities of vascular tissue at the graft junction. In order to avoid the incompatibility problems, it is important to predict the same at an early stage. Phytohormones, especially auxins regulate key events in graft union formation between the rootstock and scion, while others function to facilitate the signaling pathways. Transport of macro as well as micro molecules across long distances results in phenotypic variation shown by grafted plants, therefore grafting can be used to determine the pattern and rate of recurrence of this transport. A better understanding of rootstock scion interactions, endogenous growth substances, soil or climatic factors needs to be studied, which would facilitate efficient selection and use of rootstocks in the future. Protein, hormones, mRNA and small RNA transport across the junction is currently emerging as an important mechanism which controls the stock/scion communication and simultaneously may play a crucial role in understanding the physiology of grafting more precisely. This review provides an understanding of the physiological, biochemical and molecular basis underlying grafting with special reference to horticultural plants.

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What drives interspecies graft union success? Exploring the role of phylogenetic relatedness and stem anatomy

Wulf

Reid

Foo

2020

Physiologia Plantarum

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The underlying mechanisms that determine whether two species can form a successful graft union (graft compatibility) remain obscure. Two prominent hypotheses are (1) the more closely related species are, the higher the graft success and (2) the vascular anatomy at the graft junction influences graft success. In this paper these two hypotheses are examined in a systematic way using graft combinations selected from a range of (a) phylogenetically close and more distant legume species, (b) species displaying different germination patterns and (c) scions and rootstocks possessing contrasting stem tissues and vascular patterns. Relatedness of species was not a good predictor of graft compatibility, as vascular reconnection can occur between distantly related species and can fail to occur in some more closely related species. Similarly, neither the stem tissues present at the graft junction nor the vascular anatomy correlated with the success of vascular reconnection. Relatedness and stem anatomy therefore do not appear to be the determining factors in successful vascular reconnection after grafting in legumes. These results are discussed in conjunction with other hypotheses such as the role of auxin.

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Glicosídeos cianogênicos e compatibilidade de enxertia em pereiras asiáticas enxertadas sobre Pyrus calleryana e P.betulifolia

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Anatomic compatibility of pear and quince trees grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks

Anatomic compatibility of pear and quince trees grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks

Mechanisms Underlying Graft Union Formation and Rootstock Scion Interaction in Horticultural Plants

What drives interspecies graft union success? Exploring the role of phylogenetic relatedness and stem anatomy

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