Flight movement and spatial distribution of immunomarked thrips in onion, potato, and tomato

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to evaluate the spatial distribution of thrips in different crops, and the correlation between meterological parameters and the flight movements of this pest, using immunomarking. The experiment was conducted in cultivated areas, with tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), potato (Solanum tuberosum), and onion (Allium cepa); and non-cultivated areas, with weedy plants. The areas with tomato (100 days), potato (20 days), and weeds were sprayed with casein, albumin, and soy milk, respectively, to mark adult thrips; however, the areas with onion (50 days) and tomato (10 days) were not sprayed. Thrips were captured with georeferenced blue sticky traps, transferred into tubes, and identified by treatment area with the Elisa test. The dependence between the samples and the capture distance was determined using geostatistics. Meteorlogical parameters were correlated with thrips density in each area. The three protein types used for immunomarking were detected in different proportions in the thrips. There was a correlation between casein-marked thrips and wind speed. The thrips flew a maximum distance of 3.5 km and dispersed from the older (tomato) to the younger crops (potato). The immunomarking method is efficient to mark large quantities of thrips.Index terms: Alliaceae, dispersal pattern, Elisa, integrated pest management, Solanaceae, Thysanoptera. Movimento de voo e distribuição espacial de tripes imunomarcados em cebola, batata e tomateResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a distribuição espacial de tripes em diferentes cultivos, e a correlação entre os parâmetros meteorológicos e o movimento de voo dessa praga, com uso de imunomarcação. O experimento foi conduzido em área cultivada com tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), batata (Solanum tuberosum) e cebola (Allium cepa); e não cultivada, com plantas daninhas. As áreas com tomate (100 dias), batata (20 dias) e plantas daninhas foram pulverizadas com caseína, albumina e leite de soja, respectivamente, para marcar os tripes adultos; no entanto, as áreas com cebola (50 dias) e tomate (10 dias) não foram pulverizadas. Os tripes foram capturados com armadilha adesiva de cor azul georeferenciada, acondicionados em tubos e identificados, por área de tratamento, com o teste de Elisa. Determinou-se a dependência entre as amostras e a distância de captura com uso de geoestatística. Os parâmetros meteorológicos foram correlacionados com a densidade de tripes em cada área. Os três tipos de proteína usados na imunomarcação foram detectados, em diferentes proporções, nos tripes. Houve correlação entre os tripes marcados com caseína e a velocidade do vento. Os tripes voaram uma distância máxima de 3,5 km e dispersaram dos cultivos mais velhos (tomate) para os mais jovens (batata). O método de imunomarcação é eficiente para marcar grandes quantidades de tripes.Termos para indexação: Alliaceae, padrão de dispersão, Elisa, manejo integrado de pragas, Solanaceae, Thysanoptera.

Variations in the Susceptibility of some Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivars to Infestation with Certain Piercing Sucking Insect Pests

“…These insects are a major pests on the vegetable plants for their direct damages that are caused by the insect feeding on the plants and/or the indirect damages as a virus vector to these planting materials. Many researchers investigated the sucking insect pests and reported that the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius); the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), potato leaf hopper, Empoasca discipiens (Paoli) and the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman attacked potato plants just after the first appearance of seedlings until harvesting date (Mogahed, 2000;El-khawas and Shoeb, 2004;Musa, et al 2004, Saguez et al 2005Saguez et al, 2010;Fernandes and Fernandes, 2015;Mogahed, 2015;and D'Auria et al, 2016). The whitefly, B. tabaci has a high reproductive capacity and destructive life habits in addition to feeding on more than 700 host plant species (Greathead, 1986).…”

“Strawberry fields forever”: flower-inhabiting thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) communities and their spatial interactions in strawberry agroecosystems in Québec, Canada, with first mention of pest Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom)

“…When sampling switched to one-year-old strawberry in July, high densities of both Frankliniella spp. were observed, suggesting their capacity to colonise new fields (Rodriguez-Saona et al 2010) or an attraction towards younger crops (Bournier 1983;Fernandes and Fernandes 2015), although long-distance migration cannot be excluded.…”

“…Thrips larval density was negligible until mid-July and peaked once, in August. However, sampling resolution and potential thrips movement between fields (Fernandes and Fernandes 2015) prevent confirmation of the actual generation timing. Only one F. occidentalis generation has been reported on nectarine in British Columbia (Pearsall and Myers 2000).…”

Pest categorisation of Capsicum chlorosis virus

“…Although thrips have moderate dispersal potential by themselves, they can be spread by wind (Ptatscheck et al., 2018 ). Flights up to 3.5 km were recorded for T. palmi and F. schultzei in Brazil (Lemes Fernades and de Sena Fernandes, 2015 ).…”