Chemical and biological attributes of a lowland soil affected by land leveling

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between soil chemical and biological attributes and the magnitude of cuts and fills after the land leveling process of a lowland soil. Soil samples were collected from the 0-0.20 m layer, before and after leveling, on a 100 point grid established in the experimental area, to evaluate chemical attributes and soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC). Leveling operations altered the magnitude of soil chemical and biological attributes. Values of Ca, Mg, S, cation exchange capacity, Mn, P, Zn, and soil organic matter (SOM) decreased in the soil profile, whereas Al, K, and MBC increased after leveling. Land leveling decreased in 20% SOM average content in the 0-0.20 m layer. The great majority of the chemical attributes did not show relations between their values and the magnitude of cuts and fills. The relation was quadratic for SOM, P, and total N, and was linear for K, showing a positive slope and indicating increase in the magnitude of these attributes in cut areas and stability in fill areas. The relationships between these chemical attributes and the magnitude of cuts and fills indicate that the land leveling map may be a useful tool for degraded soil recuperation through amendments and organic fertilizers.Index terms: flooded rice, soil biological attributes, soil chemical attributes, soil management, soil movement. Atributos químicos e biológicos de um solo de várzea afetados pela sistematização do terrenoResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre os atributos químicos e biológicos do solo e as magnitudes de cortes e aterros após sistematização de um solo de várzea. Foram coletadas amostras de solo na camada de 0-0,20 m, antes e depois da sistematização, em uma malha de 100 pontos estabelecida na área experimental, para avaliar os atributos químicos do solo e o carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM). A sistematização alterou a magnitude dos atributos químicos e biológicos do solo. Valores de Ca, Mg, S, capacidade de troca catiônica, Mn, P, Zn e matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) diminuíram no perfil do solo, enquanto os de Al, K e CBM aumentaram após a sistematização. A sistematização reduziu em 20% o conteúdo médio de MOS na camada de 0-0,20 m. A maior parte dos atributos químicos não apresentou relação com as magnitudes de corte e aterro. A relação foi quadrática para MOS, P e N total, e linear para K, mostrando inclinação positiva e aumento das magnitudes destes atributos em áreas de corte e estabilidade em áreas de aterro. As relações entre estes atributos químicos e as magnitudes de cortes e aterro indicam que o mapa de sistematização pode ser uma ferramenta útil para a recuperação de solos degradados por meio da aplicação de corretivos e fertilizantes orgânicos.Termos para indexação: arroz irrigado, atributos biológicos do solo, atributos químicos do solo, manejo do solo, movimento do solo.

Short-Term Response of Soil Microbial Community to Field Conversion from Dryland to Paddy under the Land Consolidation Process in North China

“…Water is the carrier of soil salt, and flooding treatment has a significant impact on EC. The leveling and merging of land and various field management measures are all considered important factors stimulating the soil micro-ecological changes in the conversion of dryland to paddy [25,46]. Brye et al reported a major change in soil physicochemical properties as a result of land consolidation, consistent with our results [13].…”

Identifying the Relationship between Soil Properties and Rice Growth for Improving Consolidated Land in the Yangtze River Delta, China

“…Soil nutrients are influenced by both human and natural factors. It is generally considered that with the increase in land-leveling practices, SOM, N, P, and K will decrease at first, and then increase, so fertility will decline, but only in the short-term [28,31,72]. The field investigations in this study also found that land leveling had significant negative effects on soil properties and crop growth in the short term, which is consistent with previous research results [20,30,67].…”

Flooding Irrigation Weakens the Molecular Ecological Network Complexity of Soil Microbes during the Process of Dryland-to-Paddy Conversion

“…Previous studies also reported that soil environment was unstable in a short time after land consolidation [48][49][50][51]. Generally, with the extension of land consolidation period, the microbial diversity increases gradually, but the diversity decreases in the short term after the consolidation [52][53][54][55]. Meanwhile, soil microorganisms have a certain selective adaptability to soil environment.…”