Silício no processo infeccioso de Phakopsora pachyrhizi em folíolos de plantas de soja

Cruz, Maria Fernanda Antunes; Freitas-Silva, Larisse de; Rodrigues, Fabrício Ávila; Araújo, J. M. de; Barros, Everaldo Gonçalves de

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2012000100020

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the present study, the increase in the Si concentration in leaf tissue of soybean plants grown in soil amended with calcium silicate contributed to reduce the ASR severity. Cruz et al (2012) reported that in leaflets of soybean plants supplied with Si and inoculated with P. pachyrhizi, uredia were smaller and fewer in number with reductions of 27, 23 and 60% in the number of lesions, closed uredia and open uredia, respectively, in comparison to leaflets of plants non-supplied with Si. Lemes et al (2011) reported reductions of 43 and 36% of the area under ASR progress curve for plants grown in soil amended with Si and sprayed with potassium silicate, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inducers of resistance and silicon on the activity of defense enzymes in the soybean-Phakopsora pachyrhizi interaction

Cruz

Rodrigues²,

Polanco³

et al. 2013

Bragantia

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This study aimed to determine the effect of jasmonic acid (JA), Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM) and calcium silicate (a source of soluble silicon, Si), on the potentiation of soybean resistance to Asian soybean rust (ASR). The ASR severity was significantly reduced on plants sprayed with ASM or supplied with Si in comparison to plants sprayed with JA or deionized water. For chitinases (CHI), significant differences in activity between non-inoculated and inoculated plants sprayed with deionized water or with ASM occurred at 72 hours after inoculation (hai), at 24 and 72 hai when sprayed with JA and at 141 hai when supplied with Si. For β-1,3-glucanases (GLU), significant differences in activity between non-inoculated and inoculated plants sprayed with deionized water occurred at 24, 48 and 141 hai, but not until 72 for plants sprayed with ASM. For phenylalanine ammonia-lyases (PAL), significant differences in activity between non-inoculated and inoculated plants occurred only for plants sprayed with ASM at 72 and 141 hai. In conclusion, the ASR symptoms can be mild on plants sprayed with ASM or supplied with Si and that this amelioration likely involved the defense enzymes.Key words: Glycine max, Asian soybean rust, induction of resistance, mechanisms of host defense.Indutores de resistência e silício na atividade de enzimas de defesa na interação soja-Phakopsora pachyrhizi ResumoEste estudo objetivou determinar o efeito do ácido jasmônico (AJ), do Acibenzolar-S-Metil (ASM) e do silicato de cálcio (fonte de silício solúvel, Si) na potencialização da resistência da soja à ferrugem asiática (FA). A severidade da FA foi significativamente reduzida nas plantas pulverizadas com ASM ou supridas com Si em comparação com as plantas pulverizadas com água deionizada ou AJ. Para a atividade das quitinases (QUI), diferenças significativas entre plantas não inoculadas e inoculadas que foram pulverizadas com água destilada ou ASM ocorreram às 72 horas após a inoculação (hai); às 24 e 72 hai para plantas pulverizadas com AJ e às 141 hai quando supridas com Si. Para β-1,3-glucanases (GLU), diferenças significativas entre plantas inoculadas e não inoculadas que foram pulverizadas com água deionizada ocorreram às 24, 48 e 141 hai, mas não ocorreram até as 72 hai para plantas pulverizadas com ASM. Para fenilalanina amônia-liases (PAL), houve diferença significativa na atividade entre plantas inoculadas e não inoculadas somente para aquelas pulverizadas com ASM as 72 e 141 hai. Em conclusão, os sintomas da FA podem ser reduzidos em plantas pulverizadas com ASM ou em plantas supridas com Si, em parte, pela participação das enzimas de defesa estudadas.Palavras-chave: Glycine max, ferrugem asiática, indução de resistência, mecanismos de defesa do hospedeiro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inducers of resistance and silicon on the activity of defense enzymes in the soybean-Phakopsora pachyrhizi interaction

Cruz

Rodrigues²,

Polanco³

et al. 2013

Bragantia

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“…Biochemical and physiological mechanisms potentiated by Si are also associated with increased concentrations of phenolics, lignins and phytoalexins; increased activities of defence enzymes such as chitinases and b-1,3-glucanases; and the early transcription of plant resistance genes (Rodrigues et al 2003(Rodrigues et al , 2004(Rodrigues et al , 2005Datnoff et al 2007). Indeed, there are reports of the beneficial effect of Si on soybean resistance against Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Pereira et al 2009;Arsenault-Labrecque et al 2012;Cruz et al 2012). However, Nascimento et al (2014) reported that Si increased soybean susceptibility to FLS, regardless of the cultivar resistance, by decreasing plants' biochemical defences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon‐Induced Changes in the Antioxidant System Reduce Soybean Resistance to Frogeye Leaf Spot

Nascimento

Debona

Silveira

et al. 2016

Journal of Phytopathology

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Frogeye leaf spot (FLS), caused by the fungus Cercospora sojina, is one of the most important soybean diseases and can cause great yield losses. Several studies have demonstrated that silicon (Si) enhances the plant antioxidant system, especially when they are subjected to stresses. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of Si on soybean resistance to FLS, on the antioxidant system, on the concentration of reactive oxygen species and on cellular damage during the infection process of C. sojina. Plants from cultivars Bossier and Conquista, susceptible and resistant to FLS, respectively, were supplied with either 0 (−Si) or 2 mm (+Si) and non‐inoculated or inoculated with C. sojina. FLS severity was greater for Bossier than for Conquista, regardless of the Si supply, and it was increased by Si for both cultivars. The activities of the most antioxidant enzymes were lower in the +Si plants than in the −Si plants when they were not inoculated. Inoculated plants usually showed an increased enzyme activities and higher concentrations of ascorbate and reduced glutathione than did the non‐inoculated plants, regardless of Si supply. At advanced stages of fungal infection, the +Si‐inoculated plants from Bossier had higher activity of most antioxidant enzymes and higher concentrations of superoxide and malondialdehyde compared to the non‐inoculated plants as a result of an increased oxidative stress. The results from this study provide the first evidence that Si reduces the basal activity of antioxidant enzymes in soybean leaves leading to an increase in host susceptibility to FLS.

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“…A redução nos níveis de severidade poderia estar atrelada ainda ao aumento da lignina nas folhas de soja, que apresenta correlação direta com a redução no número de pústulas da ferrugem, quando se utilizam fontes de silício em solução nutritiva para a cultura (Cruz et al, 2012). Estes últimos autores encontraram maiores teores de clorofila b, carotenoides, fatores esses considerados por ele como envolvidos na redução do desenvolvimento da doença.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Fosfito e silicato de potássio no controle da ferrugem asiática da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd)

Oliveira

Pereira

Camargo

et al. 2015

Agraria

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RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito do fosfito e silicato de potássio, isoladamente ou associados com fungicida, no controle da ferrugem asiática da soja. A cultivar utilizada foi CD 214RR, espaçamento entre linhas de 0,5 m e 15 plantas por metro linear. Utilizou-se o coletor de esporos Siga, com o intuito de detectar esporos da ferrugem no ar, antes da efetiva infecção nas plantas, realizando-se assim, aplicações preventivas dos produtos testados. O delineamento experimental foi o casualizado em blocos com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: fungicida; fungicida + fosfito de potássio; fungicida + silicato de potássio; fungicida + fosfito de potássio + silicato de potássio; fosfito de potássio; silicato de potássio; fosfito de potássio + silicato de potássio e testemunha sem aplicação. A dose utilizada do fungicida foi de 0,3 L ha -1 (ciproconazol + azoxistrobina), e a dose do fosfito e silicato de potássio foi de 2 L ha -1 . O coletor de esporos Siga detectou esporos de Phakopsora pachyrhizi no ar, antes da manifestação dos sintomas. As aplicações dos produtos foram realizadas três dias após a detecção dos esporos. Evidenciou-se que o uso de fungicida promoveu redução significativa na severidade da ferrugem, na taxa aparente de infecção da ferrugem, na desfolha e nas perdas de produtividade, independentemente da associação com fosfito e/ ou silicato de potássio. A associação de fosfito e silicato de potássio reduziu a severidade no final do desenvolvimento da cultura em relação à testemunha sem controle não, proporcionando, contudo, redução nas perdas de produtividade.Palavras-chave: coletor de esporos, indução de resistência, momento de aplicação, sinergia Potassium phosphite and potassium silicate in the control of asian soybean rust (Pkakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd) ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper was to study the effect of potassium phosphite and potassium silicate, alone or in combination with fungicide, for the control of asian soybean rust. The cultivar CD 214RR was used, with 0.5 m row spacing and 15 plants per linear meter. It was used the spore trap Siga to detect the rust spores in the air before the effective infection on the plants, doing preventive applications for the products that were tested. The experimental design was in randomized block with eight treatments and four replications. The treatments were: fungicide; fungicide + potassium phosphite; fungicide + potassium silicate; fungicide + potassium phosphite + potassium silicate; potassium phosphite; potassium silicate; potassium phosphite + potassium silicate; and untreated control. The dosage of the fungicide was 0.3 L ha -1 (cyproconazol + azoxistrobin), and the dosage of phosphite and silicate of potassium was 2 L ha -1 . The spore trap Siga detects spores of Phakopsora pachyrhizi in the air before the symptoms. Applications of the products were made three days after the detection of the spores. It was verified that the use of fungicide reduced the severity of the disease, the apparent infection ...

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Silício no processo infeccioso de Phakopsora pachyrhizi em folíolos de plantas de soja

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Inducers of resistance and silicon on the activity of defense enzymes in the soybean-Phakopsora pachyrhizi interaction

Inducers of resistance and silicon on the activity of defense enzymes in the soybean-Phakopsora pachyrhizi interaction

Silicon‐Induced Changes in the Antioxidant System Reduce Soybean Resistance to Frogeye Leaf Spot

Fosfito e silicato de potássio no controle da ferrugem asiática da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd)

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