Genetic parameters and variability in physic nut accessions during early developmental stages

Laviola, Bruno Galvêas; Rosado, Tatiana Barbosa; Bhering, Leonardo Lopes; Kobayashi, Adilson Kenji; Resende, Marcos Deon Vilela de

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2010001000010

Cited by 50 publications

(83 citation statements)

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“…In Brazil, Abreu et al (2009) found significant genetic variability between ten accessions evaluated in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul as to four morphological traits. Laviola et al (2010Laviola et al ( , 2011) also reported the existence of genetic variability in physic nut as to different traits related to production, measured in young plants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The evaluated traits were: grain yield (g); weight of 100 seeds (W 100 , g); number of seeds per fruit (NSF); ratio between endosperm and seed (E/S); seed length (SL, mm), width (SW, mm), and thickness (ST, mm); number of branches per plant at 0.5 (TNB 0.5 ), 1.0 (TNB 1.0 ), and 1.5 m (TNB 1.5 ); plant height (m); stem diameter (SD, mm); canopy projection on the row (CP R , m) and between lines (CP BL , m); canopy volume (CV, m 3 ); juvenility, measured as the number of days to the first flowering (NDF, days); and height of the first inflorescence (HFI, m). Canopy volume was estimated by the approximation of the volume of a cylinder, with elliptical base, using the formula described by Laviola et al (2010). The evaluations were done from November 2009 to July 2010.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following these initial procedures, genotypes are being phenotypically and molecularly characterized. These evaluations have allowed for the acquisition of knowledge on the narrow genetic basis of physic nut in Brazil Laviola et al, 2010Laviola et al, , 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic gains in physic nut using selection indexes

Bhering

Laviola

Salgado

et al. 2012

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to estimate genetic gains in physic nut (Jatropha curcas) using selection indexes and to establish the best selection strategy for the species. Direct and indirect selection was carried out using different selection indexes, totalizing 14 strategies. One hundred and seventy five families from the active germplasm bank of Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, Brazil, were analyzed in a randomized complete block design with two replicates. The evaluated traits were: grain yield; seeds per fruit; endosperm/ seed ratio; seed weight, length, width, and thickness; branches per plant at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 m; plant height; stem diameter; canopy projection on rows and between lines; canopy volume; juvenility (days to the first flowering); and height of the first inflorescence. Evaluations were done during the second year of cultivation. The use of selection indexes is relevant to maximize the genetic gains in physic nut, favoring a better distribution of desirable traits. The multiplicative and restrictive indexes are considered the most promising for selection.Index terms: Jatropha curcas, biodiesel, canopy volume, Cerrado, juvenility, seed size. Ganho genético em pinhão-manso com uso de índices de seleçãoResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar o ganho genético em pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas) com uso de diferentes índices de seleção e estabelecer a melhor estratégia de seleção para a espécie. A seleção direta e indireta foi realizada com diferentes índices de seleção, o que totalizou 14 estratégias. Foram analisadas 175 famílias pertencentes ao banco ativo de germoplasma da Embrapa Agroenergia, em blocos ao acaso, com duas repetições. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: produtividade de grãos; sementes por fruto; razão endosperma/ semente; peso, comprimento, largura e espessura de sementes; número de ramos a 0,5, 1,0 e 1,5 m; altura de plantas; diâmetro do caule; projeção da copa nas linhas e nas entrelinhas; volume da copa; juvenilidade (dias até o florescimento); e altura de inserção da primeira inflorescência. As avaliações foram realizadas durante o segundo ano de cultivo. A utilização de índices de seleção é relevante para maximizar os ganhos genéticos em pinhão-manso e favorece uma melhor distribuição de características desejáveis. Os índices multiplicativos e restritivos são considerados os mais promissores para uso na seleção.Termos para indexação: Jatropha curcas, biodiesel, volume de copa, Cerrado, juvenilidade, tamanho de sementes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic gains in physic nut using selection indexes

Bhering

Laviola

Salgado

et al. 2012

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Laviola et al (2010) relataram variabilidade genética em 110 acessos de pinhão-manso, no 1º ano agrícola, para diferentes características morfológicas relacionadas à produção. Abreu et al (2009) também encontraram variabilidade genética significativa, entre dez acessos avaliados quanto à altura de plantas, altura de inserção da primeira folha, ao diâmetro do colo e ao número de folhas.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…O alto teor de óleo nas sementes do pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) e a expectativa de se obter alto rendimento com seu cultivo conferem à espécie grande potencial de uso no Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel (Laviola et al, 2010). O desenvolvimento de híbridos e variedades melhoradas da espécie, com menor número de flores femininas, maturidade precoce, resistência à pragas e doenças, menor altura de plantas e alta ramificação, é fundamental para a consolidação da cultura no país.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Capacidade combinatória e parâmetros genéticos de genótipos de pinhão-manso quanto a caracteres morfoagronômicos

Santana

Carvalho

Blank

et al. 2013

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as capacidades geral e específica de combinação, os parâmetros genéticos e a correlação entre caracteres morfoagronômicos, em acessos de pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Foram avaliados os caracteres: PR, produção de sementes; AP, altura de planta; NRS, número de ramos secundários; NFF, número de flores femininas; DC, diâmetro de colo; P100, massa de 100 sementes; AR, altura de ramificação; e DCO, diâmetro de copa. A capacidade geral de combinação foi significativa para PR, NRS, DC, P100 e AR, enquanto a capacidade específica foi significativa apenas para NFF e NRS. As estimativas de herdabilidade foram superiores a 70%, em NRS, NFF, DC e AR. Observou-se correlações genotípicas positivas entre NRS e DC (0,942), NRS e AP (0,762), NRS e DCO (0,798), NRS e PR (0,759), DC e AP (0,738), DC e DCO (0,844), DC e PR (0,802), e DCO e PR (0,742); e negativas entre NRS e AR (-0,665), e DC e AR (-0,687). O NFF explicou mais de 50% da variação dos híbridos de pinhão-manso. A capacidade geral de combinação é preponderante na maioria das características avaliadas.Termos para indexação: Jatropha curcas, capacidade específica de combinação, capacidade geral de combinação, contribuição relativa, correlação genética, divergência genética. Combining ability and genetic parameters of physic nut genotypes for morphoagronomic traitsAbstract -The objective of this work was to determine the general and the specific combining abilities, the genetic parameters, and the correlation between morphoagronomic traits in physic nut (Jatropha curcas) accessions. A randomized block experimental design, with three replicates, was used. The evaluated characters were: Y, yield; PH, plant height; NSB, number of secondary branches; NFF, number of female flowers; SD, stem diameter; W100, weight of 100 seeds; HB, height of branches; and DC, diameter of crown. The general combining ability was significant for Y, NSB, SD, W100, and HB, while the specific combining ability was signicant only for NFF and NSB. Heritability estimates were higher than 70% for NSB, NFF, SD, and HB. Positive genotypic correlations were observed between NSB and SD (0.942), NSB and PH (0.762), NSB and DC (0.798), NSB and Y (0.759), SD and PH (0.738), SD and DC (0.844), SD and Y (0.802), and DC and Y (0.742); and negative ones between NSB and HB (-0.665), and SD and HB (-0.687). The NFF explained over 50% of the variation in the physic nut hybrids. General combining ability preponderates on the evaluated traits.

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Selection of soybean lines exhibiting resistance to stink bug complex in distinct environments

Rocha

Vieira

Ferreira

et al. 2015

Food and Energy Security

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In soybean, stink bugs are considered the most important pest insect as they feed directly from the grain, causing significant losses in seed yield and quality. The use of resistant genotypes is a promising strategy to control these insects. Focusing on selection of soybean lines with resistance and high yield potential, 251 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), derived from a cross between IAC‐100 (resistant) and CD‐215 (susceptible), were evaluated in two experiments, designed as alpha‐lattice, with three replicates in Piracicaba, during the growing seasons of 2012/13 and 2013/14. The evaluated traits were as follows: number of days to maturity (NDM), plant height at maturity (PHM), grain filling period (GFP), lodging (L), agronomic value (AV), grain yield (GY), weight of a hundred seeds (WHS), leaf retention (LR), and healthy seeds weight (HSW). Variance components were estimated by the Restricted Maximum Likelihood method (REML). Heritability and selection gain (SG) parameters were also calculated. Selection was carried out based on 2012/13 season, considering the genotypes that exhibited a minimum HSW of 2908.26 kg ha−1 (acceptable losses of 20% from the average GY). Insect population was monitored by cloth beating. An increase in stink bug population was observed during the grain filling period, with the highest population density occurring in the season 2012/13. Estimates of the variance components demonstrated the elevate influence of the interaction genotype x environment on GY and HSW, which exhibited the lowest estimates of heritability (23 and 34%, respectively). The estimate selection gain, calculated from the predicted means of GY and HSW, was of 665.4 and 482.4 kg ha−1 season 2012/13. Therefore, the applied selection allowed the identification of the genotypes exhibiting higher yields and resistance to the stink bug complex. From the RIL population, lines or genotypes potentially useful to generate novel cultivars were identified.

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Genetic parameters and variability in physic nut accessions during early developmental stages

Cited by 50 publications

References 7 publications

Genetic gains in physic nut using selection indexes

Genetic gains in physic nut using selection indexes

Capacidade combinatória e parâmetros genéticos de genótipos de pinhão-manso quanto a caracteres morfoagronômicos

Selection of soybean lines exhibiting resistance to stink bug complex in distinct environments

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