Trocas gasosas em videira sob regime de estresse hídrico. II. fotorrespiração e comportamento varietal

Regina, Murillo de Albuquerque; Carbonneau, Alain

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x1999000100006

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Furthermore, the cv. Moscatel has been considered well adapted to water stress conditions, showing high values of g s when others cultivars had already reached values near to zero (Regina and Carbonneau, 1996). On the other hand, c pd may not be the best indicator of the intensity of water stress, because deep roots may be influencing c pd , whereas stomata may be responding to signals resulting from dehydration of superficial roots, before any change in leaf water potential is detectable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of stomatal aperture and carbon uptake by deficit irrigation in two grapevine cultivars

Souza

Marôco

Santos³

et al. 2005

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

136

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Improvements in water use efficiency of crops are essential under the scenarios of water scarcity predicted by global change models for the Mediterranean region. In recent years, deficit irrigation, including partial root drying (PRD), has been proposed as an irrigation technique to improve water use efficiency and standardize grapevine yield and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of deficit irrigation on photosynthetic responses of field grown grapevines of cv. Moscatel and Castelão. The treatments were: full irrigation (FI), corresponding to 100% ET c ; non-irrigated, but rain fed (NI) and partial root zone drying (PRD) and deficit irrigation (DI), both corresponding to an irrigation of 50% ET c . While in the DI treatment water was applied to both sides of the root system, in the PRD treatment, water was supplied to only one side of the root system, alternating sides periodically. In both cultivars, PRD and DI vines showed intermediate pre-dawn leaf water potential (c pd ) values (around À0.4 MPa) while FI vines, showed c pd around À0.2 MPa during the growing season. NI showed the lowest c pd , reaching À0.6 MPa in Moscatel and À0.8 MPa in Castelão, at the end of growing season. Water status of PRD vines remained closer to FI than DI, especially at midday. Photosynthetic rates and fluorescence parameters of the deficit irrigation treatments (PRD and DI) did not show significant differences from FI vines, for most of the season. In Moscatel, although PRD generally showed g s , relative stomatal limitation (RSL) and intrinsic water use efficiency (A/g s ) values closer to NI than DI, most of the differences between PRD and DI were not statistically significant. Our results showed a stability of the photosynthetic machinery in grapevines under low-to-moderate water availabilities, as demonstrated by the maintenance of the activity of three Calvin Cycle enzymes and of the V cmax values. However, a decline in J max was observed in NI vines, that can be a result either of a decrease in ATP production or, alternatively, of decreased mesophyll conductance to CO 2 diffusion. In general terms, stomatal limitation of photosynthesis is likely to be dominant in non-irrigated plants. Deficit irrigation had no negative impact on CO 2 assimilation, despite less water application than in full-irrigation. Differences among varieties may be related to differences in sensitivity of stomata, shoot growth and/or the interaction between rootstock and cultivar to soil water availability. #

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of stomatal aperture and carbon uptake by deficit irrigation in two grapevine cultivars

Souza

Marôco

Santos³

et al. 2005

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

136

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“…6). The cultivar Moscatel has been considered to be well adapted to water-stress conditions as shown by Regina and Carbonneau (1996). In this study, it was observed that carbon assimilation and stomatal conductance in Moscatel can be maintained for a large range of predawn leaf water potentials, whereas in Castelão the sensitivity of stomata to water deficits was higher (Souza et al, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Impact of deficit irrigation on water use efficiency and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of field-grown grapevines under Mediterranean climate

Souza¹,

Marôco²,

Santos³

et al. 2005

Journal of Experimental Botany

107

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation on intrinsic water use efficiency (A/g s ) and carbon isotope composition (d 13 C) of two grapevine cultivars (Moscatel and Castelã o), growing in a commercial vineyard in SW Portugal. The study was done in two consecutive years (2001 and 2002). The treatments were full irrigation (FI), corresponding to 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), rain-fed (no irrigation, NI), and two types of deficit irrigation (50% ETc): (i) by supplying the water either to one side of the root system or to the other, which is partial rootzone drying (PRD), or (ii) dividing the same amount of water by the two sides of the root system, the normal deficit irrigation ( In conclusion, it is apparent that the response to deficit irrigation varies with the environmental conditions of the particular year, the driest conditions exacerbating the differences among treatments. The highest values of d 13 C found in the pulp of NI vines in Castelã o compared with Moscatel suggest different sensitivities to water deficits in the two cultivars, as was empirically observed.

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“…Nestas condições, consideradas não limitantes ao desenvolvimento da videira, as possíveis variações do comportamento ecofisiológico tendem a desaparecer, ocorrendo uma homogeneização das respostas das plantas aos fatores ambientais (REGINA & CARBONNEAU, 1992). Variações do comportamento ecofisiológico, e em particular das trocas gasosas, podem ocorrer em condições limitantes de cultura (CHAVES et al, 1987;REGINA & CARBONNEAU, 1996, 1997, 1999 e neste aspecto, a imposição progressiva de um estresse hídrico (condição normalmente verificada em solos pouco argilosos nas condições de verão seco do clima mediterrâneo) poderiam provavelmente explicar as variações adaptativas entre clones de uma mesma cultivar. Essas observações permitem supor que seria interessante repetir tais observações em condições limitantes de cultivo, particularmente em situaçâo de estresse hídrico.…”

Section: Clonesunclassified

“…Tal análise pode contribuir para a compreensão das diferentes formas de expressão dos genótipos e, no caso específico das trocas gasosas foliares, a questão que se observa é a de saber se, a exemplo do que ocorre para cultivares de videira, como Chardonnay, Moscatel de Alexandria, Sémillon e Trebbiano, a distinção dos clones é possível a partir da avaliação das taxas de assimilação do carbono, ou da abertura dos estômatos, podendo explicar as diferenças de vigor, fertilidade ou mesmo respostas às condições do meio, conforme já foi demonstrado por Regina & Carbonneau (1996, 1997, 1999.…”

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Avaliação ecofisiológica de clones de videira cv. Syrah

Regina

Audeguin²

2005

Ciênc. agrotec.

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RESUMOAvaliou-se o comportamento agronômico e ecofisiológico de três clones de videira da cultivar Syrah. Foram empregadas plantas adultas, enxertadas sobre SO4 e cultivadas em solo arenoso com lençol freático superficial. O clone 470 mostrou-se ao mesmo tempo mais precoce, mais vigoroso e menos produtivo, confirmando o seu potencial de clone qualitativo. Por outro lado, não foram verificadas diferenças de comportamento entre clones, para a assimilação do carbono e condutância estomática em condições não limitantes à fotossíntese.Termos para indexação: Fertilidade, vigor, fotossíntese, condutância estomática, cv. Syrah, Vitis vinifera L. ABSTRACTIn this work were evaluated the phenological behavior, some agronomic traits and net photosynthesis of three grapevine clones obtained from the variety Syrah. The plants used were graffted over the rootstock SO4, and were grown in a flooded sand soil. Even though the clone number 470 had been the more precocious and robust, although it was the less productive. Even so, the result confirmed the qualitative potencial of this clone. On the other hand significant differences among the clones which have not been observed for carbon assimilation and stomatal conductance in a suitable environmental conditions for photosynthesis occurrence. A seleção clonal tem permitido expressivos ganhos em viticultura, em quantidade e qualidade da produção. No caso específico das cultivares da espécie Vitis vinifera, os clones são selecionados sob o ponto de vista sanitário e genético, buscando isenção das principais viroses que atacam a videira, e baseando-se na origem policlonal e sensibilidade da espécie à ocorrência e mutações somáticas espontâneas. Inicialmentr a seleção orienta-se principalmente pelas diferenças na morfologia e potencial produtivo das plantas (GRENAN et al

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Trocas gasosas em videira sob regime de estresse hídrico. II. fotorrespiração e comportamento varietal

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Control of stomatal aperture and carbon uptake by deficit irrigation in two grapevine cultivars

Control of stomatal aperture and carbon uptake by deficit irrigation in two grapevine cultivars

Impact of deficit irrigation on water use efficiency and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of field-grown grapevines under Mediterranean climate

Avaliação ecofisiológica de clones de videira cv. Syrah

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