Dry matter and macronutrient accumulation in fruits of Conilon coffee with different ripening cycles

Abstract

SUMMARYThe period between anthesis and fruit ripening varies according to the Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) genotype. Therefore, the time of the nutritional requirements for fruit formation may differ, depending on the formation phase and the genotype, and may directly affect split application of fertilizer. The aim of this study was to quantify the accumulation of dry matter and N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S at several stages in the fruit of the Conilon coffee genotype with different ripening cycles, which may suggest the need for split application of fertilizer in coffee. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Nova Venecia, Espírito Santo, Brazil, throughout the reproductive cycle. The treatments were composed of four coffee genotypes with different ripening cycles. A completely randomised experimental design was used. with five replicates. Plagiotropic branches were harvested from flowering to fruit ripening at 28-day intervals to determine the dry matter of the fruits and the concentration and accumulation of the nutrients they contained. The behavior of dry matter and macronutrient accumulation during the study period was similar and increasing, but it differed among genotypes sampled in the same season. Early genotypes exhibited a higher speed of dry matter and nutrient accumulation. Split application of fertilizer should differ among coffee genotypes with different ripening cycles (early, intermediate, late and very late).Index terms: Coffea canephora, genotypes, maturation cycle, fertilization management.(

<b>Vegetative growth of Conilon coffee plants under two water conditions in the Atlantic region of Bahia State, Brazil

“…This result was certainly associated with the grain formation stage of the coffee plants, when the requirement for nutrients is high. As fruits constitute preferential sinks for nutrients and photoassimilates (Laviola et al, 2008;Partelli, Espindola, Marré, & Vieira, 2014), vegetative growth is severely jeopardized during this stage, due to an accentuated imbalance in the source:sink ratio of these productive branches, despite these branches (PlagBB) possessing limited autonomy in the production and supply of carbohydrates, as verified for C. arabica (Chaves, Martins, Batista, Celin, & DaMatta, 2012). Additionally, the advent of new branches (budding) may reduce the growth of older branches (Ferreira et al, 2013) due to the changes in the source:sink relationship among different branches.…”

Microclimate and development of Coffea canephora cv. Conilon under different shading levels promoted by Australian cedar (Toona ciliata M. Roem. var. Australis)

“…Australian cedar exhibits rapid growth and high-quality wood and can be used together with coffee to diversify production, distributing the economic return over the year and providing a better utilization of the area (Müller et al, 2004). Coffee is often subjected to supra optimal temperatures that sometimes exceed 38 ºC during the critical grain filling phase (Partelli et al, 2010;2014b). These conditions, coupled with the occurrence of strong winds and high rates of evapotranspiration, can be stressful to the crop, requiring different management techniques to mitigate these problems (Partelli et al, 2014a).…”

Development of clonal seedlings of promising Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) genotypes

“…Due to their allogamy, plants of seminiferous origin are highly heterogeneous, exhibiting high morphological and genetic diversity (Conagin and Mendes, 1961;Bragança et al, 2001). However, propagation through cutting has been used for many years because it has several advantages, such as the retention of genetic characteristics of the stock plant, greater crop homogeneity, increased productivity, and the ability to separate crops based on their maturation cycle (Bragança et al, 2001;Partelli et al, 2014b). Genetic variability in the population is required for any genetic improvement program because it allows the selection of superior genotypes (Ivoglo et al, 2008) that are adapted to the soil and climate conditions of the cultivation region.…”

“…Denoeud et al (2014) found C. canephora to be a useful reference species for understanding the evolution of genomic structure in asterid angiosperms. Genotypes of Conilon coffee exhibit countless differences, including polyclonal varieties (Fonseca et al, 2004), a group of clones that are generally grouped by maturation cycle: early, medium, late and very late (Partelli et al, 2014b). A physiologically viable cutting method has been developed, guaranteeing the maximum homogeneity of fields, particularly in grain maturation, among other desirable characteristics (Weigel and Jurgens, 2002;Paiva et al, 2012;Partelli et al, 2014a).…”