Sequências de culturas em sistema de semeadura direta: I - produção de matéria seca e acúmulo de nutrientes

Marcelo, Adolfo; Corá, José Eduardo; Fernandes, Carolina

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832012000500020

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Produtividades relativamente baixas para essas espécies, quando semeadas na mesma época na região do Cerrado, também são relatadas em outros trabalhos (Burle et al, 1999;Carvalho et al, 2004;Sodré Filho et al, 2004;Torres et al, 2005;Carvalho et al, 2008). No entanto, produtividades duas a três vezes superiores de matéria seca são comumente obtidas com o cultivo dessas espécies no início ou mesmo no final da estação chuvosa, com precipitações excepcionalmente mais elevadas e melhor distribuição de chuvas (Carsky et al, 1990;Boer et al, 2007;Lima et al, 2010;Marcelo et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Ao se analisar o conteúdo de N na parte aérea, as plantas de cobertura apresentaram os maiores valores com corte na floração, exceto o feijão-bravo-do-ceará e o sorgo, o que indica uma combinação de produtividade de fitomassa e N mais favorável para a cultura em sucessão. No entanto, a eficiência do uso do N dependerá da sincronia entre a decomposição dos resíduos vegetais das plantas de cobertura e a absorção do nutriente pela cultura (Torres et al, 2008;Carvalho et al, 2009;Marcelo et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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Manejo de plantas de cobertura na floração e na maturação fisiológica e seu efeito na produtividade do milho

Carvalho

Coser

Rein

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do manejo de plantas de cobertura na floração e na maturação fisiológica sobre a produtividade do milho cultivado em sucessão. O experimento, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, foi realizado em Latossolo Vermelho, em sistema plantio direto, com nove espécies. Foram avaliados: produtividade de matéria seca; tempo de ciclagem dos resíduos vegetais; teores de N das plantas de cobertura; e produtividade de grãos e teores de N nas folhas do milho. As espécies Pennisetum glaucum, Mucuna aterrima, Cajanus cajan e Canavalia brasiliensis apresentaram as maiores produtividades de matéria seca na floração. Na maturação fisiológica, Sorghum bicolor, P. glaucum, C. brasiliensis, Crotalaria juncea e C. cajan apresentaram produtividades mais elevadas de fitomassa. Não houve efeito da época de corte e da interação planta de cobertura e época de corte sobre a produtividade do milho. As maiores produtividades de milho foram obtidos após cultivo de Urochloa ruziziensis, C. juncea, C. brasiliensis, C. cajan, P. glaucum e Raphanus sativus, e estão relacionadas ao maior acúmulo de matéria seca e ao menor tempo de ciclagem dos resíduos vegetais das plantas de cobertura.Termos para indexação: Brachiaria ruziziensis, Canavalia brasiliensis, Pennisetum glaucum, decomposição de resíduos vegetais, plantio direto, ciclagem de nutrientes. Management of cover crops at flowering and physiological maturity and its effect on maize yieldAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of cover crop management at flowering and physiological maturity on maize yield cultivated in succession. The experiment, in a randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement, was carried out on a Cerrado Oxisol under no-tillage system, with nine species. The following were evaluated: dry matter yield; turnover time of plant residues; N contents in cover crop plants; and maize grain yield and N contents in leaves. The species Pennisetum glaucum, Mucuna aterrima, Cajanus cajan, and Canavalia brasiliensis showed the highest dry matter yields during flowering. In physiological maturity, Sorghum bicolor, P. glaucum, C. brasiliensis, Crotalaria juncea, and C. cajan showed higher phytomass contents. There was no effect of mowing time and of the interaction between cover crop species and mowing time on maize yields. The highest maize yields were obtained after planting of Urochloa ruziziensis, C. juncea, C. brasiliensis, C. cajan, P. glaucum, and Raphanus sativus, and are associated with the higher dry matter yield and lower turnover time of the plant residues of the cover crop species.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Manejo de plantas de cobertura na floração e na maturação fisiológica e seu efeito na produtividade do milho

Carvalho

Coser

Rein

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…According to Albuquerque, Camargo and Sousa (2013), who evaluated the macronutrient content in cultivated grain sorghum from different places, the K was one of the primary macronutrients extracted from the grains, exceeding the P contents and coming in second to N. Furthermore, Marcelo, Corá and Fernandes (2012), on evaluating the macronutrient content absorbed by the sorghum hybrid grains and corn grains, determined that K was the second-most exported nutrient of the grain, whereas N was the most exported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic characteristics and macronutrient export of grain sorghum hybrids from different sowing dates

et al. 2017

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Brazilian off-season cropping is increasing the production of cereals, particularly in the Brazilian savannah. Sorghum has been widely used for its grain production capacity and dry matter. Several hybrids are commercially available, each with its own peculiar nutrient absorption capacity. Thus, this study analyzed the agronomic characteristics and nutrient exportation in grain sorghum hybrids sown on different dates. The experiment was conducted at the Paulista Agency Regional Center of Agricultural Technology (APTA) in the city of Votuporanga, São Paulo. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications and 4 hybrids. Sorghum hybrids (50A10, 50A50, BUSTER and 1G282) were the different treatments sown on four different dates, beginning with February 26, 2013, with the other dates 17, 30 and 41 days after the first sowing (DAFS). Each sowing date was considered an individual experiment and, subsequently, grouped for analysis to compare characteristics. Macronutrient content in the grain, one thousand grain weight, productivity and exportation of macronutrients (kg ha -1 ) by grains in the area were evaluated. The productivity of the sorghum hybrids varied depending on the sowing dates. The one thousand grain mass of the sorghum hybrids varied depending on the sowing dates. The average exportation of macronutrients by sorghum grains is as follows, in decreasing order: N> K> P>Ca> Mg> S. The mean values of macronutrient accumulation needed to produce one ton of sorghum grains are as follows: 20.05 kg N, 3.33 kg P, 3.70 kg K, 3.49 kg Ca, 1.77 kg Mg, and 0.72 kg S.

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“…In another experiment conducted at the same site in the 2007growing seasons, Marcelo et al (2012 observed that the biomass of cereals such as pearl millet and grain sorghum increased by 56 and 69 % when grown after soybean than after corn/corn in the summer. This high biomass yield was attributed to high availability of soil N introduced by biological fixation and the high potential of these cereal crops with an adequate supply of N (Marcelo et al, 2012). In a study to assess N uptake capacity and its effect on the biomass yield of corn in response to the addition of sunn hemp and pearl millet residues in an Oxisol, Silva et al (2009) observed that corn biomass increased with the application of sunn hemp residues.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cropping systems in no-till farming on the quality of a Brazilian Oxisol

Junior

Corá

Lal

2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYThe no-till system with complex cropping sequences may improve the structural quality and carbon (C) sequestration in soils of the tropics. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cropping sequences after eight years under the no-till system on the physical properties and C sequestration in an Oxisol in the municipality of Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil. A randomized split-block design with three replications was used. The treatments were combinations of three summer cropping sequences -corn/corn (Zea mays L.) (CC), soybean/soybean (Glycine max L. Merryll) (SS), and soybean-corn (SC); and seven winter crops -corn, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp), grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.). Soil samples were taken at the 0-10 cm depth after eight years of experimentation. Soil under SC and CC had higher mean weight diameter (3.63 and 3.55 mm, respectively) and geometric mean diameter (3.55 and 2.92 mm) of the aggregates compared to soil under SS (3.18 and 2.46 mm). The CC resulted in the highest soil organic C content (17.07 g kg -1 ), soil C stock (15.70 Mg ha -1 ), and rate of C sequestration (0.70 Mg ha -1 yr -1 ) among the summer crops. Among the winter crops, soil under pigeon pea had the highest total porosity (0.50 m 3 m -3 ), and that under sunn hemp had the highest water stable aggregates (93.74 %). In addition, sunn hemp did not differ from grain sorghum and contained the highest soil organic C content (16.82 g kg -1 ) and also had the highest rate of C sequestration (0.67 Mg ha -1 yr -1 ). The soil resistance to penetration was the lower limit of the least limiting water range, while the upper limit was air-filled porosity for soil bulk densities higher than 1.39 kg dm -3 for all cropping sequences. Within the SC sequence, soil under corn and pigeon pea increased least limiting water range by formation of biopores because soil resistance to penetration decreased with the increase in soil bulk density.Index terms: Cerrado, crop rotation, winter crops, soil aggregates, least limiting water range, bulk density.(

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Sequências de culturas em sistema de semeadura direta: I - produção de matéria seca e acúmulo de nutrientes

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Manejo de plantas de cobertura na floração e na maturação fisiológica e seu efeito na produtividade do milho

Manejo de plantas de cobertura na floração e na maturação fisiológica e seu efeito na produtividade do milho

Agronomic characteristics and macronutrient export of grain sorghum hybrids from different sowing dates

Effect of cropping systems in no-till farming on the quality of a Brazilian Oxisol

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