Biomassa, decomposição e cobertura do solo ocasionada por resíduos culturais de três espécies vegetais na região centro-oeste do Brasil

Boer, Carlo Adriano; Assis, Renato Lara de; Silva, Gilson Pereira; Braz, A. J. B. P.; Barroso, Alberto Leão de Lemos; Filho, Alberto Cargnelutti; Pires, Fábio Ribeiro

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832008000200038

Cited by 57 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Calvo et al (2010) reported a shoot dry matter production of 1,397 and 7,631 kg ha -1 of pigeonpea and of pigeonpea-pearl millet intercrop, respectively, 60 days after sowing, grown from March to July on a dystroferric Red Nitosol, in a conventional soil tillage system and with fertilization at planting of 200 kg ha -1 of N-P-K fertilizer 08-28-16. In regard to pearl millet, SDM production in this study was greater than the yields achieved by Boer et al (2007Boer et al ( , 2008 and Cazetta et al (2005), which were 10,801 and 10,673 kg ha -1 51 days after sowing and 60 DAE, respectively. It should be noted that Boer et al (2007Boer et al ( , 2008 sowed pearl millet in April on a dystroferric Red Oxisol with fertilization at sowing of 250 kg ha -1 of the N-P-K fertilizer 08-28-16.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…In regard to pearl millet, SDM production in this study was greater than the yields achieved by Boer et al (2007Boer et al ( , 2008 and Cazetta et al (2005), which were 10,801 and 10,673 kg ha -1 51 days after sowing and 60 DAE, respectively. It should be noted that Boer et al (2007Boer et al ( , 2008 sowed pearl millet in April on a dystroferric Red Oxisol with fertilization at sowing of 250 kg ha -1 of the N-P-K fertilizer 08-28-16. Cazetta et al (2005) performed no-tillage sowing of pearl millet in September on a dystrophic Red Oxisol, with no fertilization at sowing.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 65%

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Cycling of nutrients and silicon in pigeonpea and pearl millet monoculture and intercropping

Crusciol

Neto

Soratto

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYIn a no-tillage system, cover crops must be used that combine shoot dry matter production and nutrient recycling. The aim of this study was to evaluate shoot dry matter production, decomposition rate and macronutrient and silicon release from pigeonpea and pearl millet in monoculture and intercropping systems. A randomized block design was used with a 3 x 6 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The first factor consisted of three cover crops (pigeonpea, pearl millet and intercropping of these cover crops) and the second consisted of six sampling times [0, 18, 32, 46, 74 and 91 days after desiccation (DAD)]. Pearl millet produced greater amounts of shoot dry matter and content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, C and Si and had a higher decomposition rate and macronutrient and Si release than the other cover crops. The rates of decomposition and daily nutrient release from shoot dry matter were highest in the first period of evaluation (0-18 DAD). Over time, the C/N, C/P and C/S ratios increased, while C/Si and the decomposition rate decreased. Potassium was the nutrient most quickly released to the soil, especially from pearl millet residue. Silicon had the lowest release rate, with 62, 82 and 74 % of the total content in the shoot dry matter remaining in the last evaluation of pearl millet, pigeonpea and in the intercrop system, respectively. The shoot dry matter from the intercrop system had a different decomposition rate than that from the pearl millet monoculture and pigeonpea. Plants with greater shoot dry matter production and lower C/Si ratio are more effective in a no-tillage system for providing a more complete and persistent soil cover.Index terms: Cajanus cajan, Pennisetum glaucum, intercropping, nutrient release. RESUMO: CICLAGEM DE NUTRIENTES E SILÍCIO PELO GUANDU-ANÃO E MILHETO CULTIVADOS SOLTEIROS E CONSORCIADOSAs características mais importantes na escolha de plantas de cobertura para o sistema plantio direto são a quantidade e a durabilidade da fitomassa produzida, bem como a capacidade de reciclar nutrientes. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a produção de fitomassa, taxa de decomposição e ciclagem de macronutrientes e silício pelo guandu-anão e milheto, em cultivo solteiro e consorciado. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 3 x 6, constituído por três tipos de cobertura vegetal (guandu-anão, milheto e o consórcio dessas espécies) e seis épocas de coleta [0, 18, 32, 46, 74 e 91 dias, após a dessecação (DAD)]. O milheto produziu maior quantidade de fitomassa, acumulou mais N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, C e Si e teve maior taxa de decomposição e de liberação de macronutrientes e Si que as demais coberturas vegetais. As maiores taxas de decomposição e liberação diária de nutrientes das fitomassas ocorreram no primeiro período de avaliação (0 a 18 DAD). Com o passar do tempo ocorreu aumento das relações C/N, C/P e C/S e redução na relação C/Si e na taxa de decomposição da fitomassa. O K foi o nutriente mais rapidamente disponibilizado ao solo, e...

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 65%

Cycling of nutrients and silicon in pigeonpea and pearl millet monoculture and intercropping

Crusciol

Neto

Soratto

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…To describe black oat decomposition, the data were fitted to an exponential mathematical model, previously described by Wieder & Lang (1982) and employed by Boer et al (2008), using the following equation: (-kt) ( 1) where P is the dry biomass quantity at time t (in days), Po is the fraction of potentially decomposable dry biomass, and k is the constant for dry biomass decomposition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate soil organic carbon and stratification ratio increases in response to crop residue decomposition under no-till

Briedis¹,

Sá²,

De-Carli³

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYIn soils under no-tillage (NT), the continuous crop residue input to the surface layer leads to carbon (C) accumulation. This study evaluated a soil under NT in Ponta Grossa (State of Paraná, Brazil) for: 1) the decomposition of black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) residues, 2) relation of the biomass decomposition effect with the soil organic carbon (SOC) content, the particulate organic carbon (POC) content, and the soil carbon stratification ratio (SR) of an Inceptisol. The assessments were based on seven samplings (t 0 to t 6 ) in a period of 160 days of three transects with six sampling points each. The oat dry biomass was 5.02 Mg ha -1 at t 0 , however, after 160 days, only 17.8 % of the initial dry biomass was left on the soil surface. The SOC in the 0-5 cm layer varied from 27.56 (t 0 ) to 30.07 g dm -3 (t 6 ). The SR increased from 1.33 to 1.43 in 160 days. There was also an increase in the POC pool in this period, from 8.1 to 10.7 Mg ha -1 . The increase in SOC in the 0-5 cm layer in the 160 days was mainly due to the increase of POC derived from oat residue decomposition. The linear relationship between SOC and POC showed that 21 % of SOC was due to the more labile fraction. The results indicated that the continuous input of residues could be intensified to increase the C pool and sequestration in soils under NT.Index terms: black oat, carbon sequestration, dry matter decomposition, half-life.(

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“…Contudo, especialmente nas regiões Sudeste e Centro-Oeste do Brasil, a produção e a manutenção de cobertura vegetal na superfície do solo é um desafio, devido ao inverno seco, que limita o cultivo nessa época, e o verão quente e chuvoso, que aceleram a decomposição da palhada (BOER et al, 2008;LEITE et al, 2010;SILVA et al, 2010). Assim, a quantidade e a durabilidade da fitomassa, bem como sua capacidade de reciclar nutriente, são características importantes a serem consideradas na escolha das plantas de cobertura (BOER et al, 2008;LEITE et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Entre as espécies utilizadas como plantas de cobertura e para adubação verde, duas se destacam: a crotalária (Crotalaria juncea L.), pela boa cobertura do solo proporcionado pelo rápido crescimento, pela associação simbiótica com bactérias fixadoras de N 2 (PERIN; GUERRA; TEIXEIRA, 2003) e supressão de nematóides parasitas (INOMOTO et al, 2008), sendo que essa última característica tem acarretado em grande expansão do cultivo dessa espécie nas áreas de produção de grãos na região do cerrado brasileiro; e o milheto (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown), que é caracterizado pela produção de palhada em grande quantidade e com características de maior persistência sobre o solo (BOER et al, 2008;SILVA et al, 2010), pela alta capacidade de extração de nutrientes do solo, com amplas vantagens de reciclagem, principalmente N e K, reduzindo os riscos de lixiviação (ROSOLEM;PACE;CRUSCIOL, 2004;CRUSCIOL;SORATTO, 2007SORATTO, , 2009LEITE et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Persistência e liberação de elementos da fitomassa do consórcio crotalária com milheto sob fragmentação

Costa¹,

Crusciol²,

Soratto³

et al. 2014

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se, com esse trabalho, avaliar a taxa de decomposição e a velocidade de liberação de macronutrientes e Si da fitomassa do consórcio crotalária mais milheto, em função do tempo após manejo, sem e com fragmentação. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo, em Botucatu-SP. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial constituído por dois manejos da fitomassa da parte aérea (sem e com fragmentação mecânica) e seis épocas de coleta [0; 18; 32; 46; 74 e 91 dias após manejo (DAM)]. Foram determinadas a massa de matéria seca, teor de macronutrientes e Si e quantidade dos nutrientes remanescentes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, as médias dos tratamentos do fator manejo comparadas pelo teste de t (LSD) a 5% e do fator épocas de coletas ajustados a equações matemáticas. A fragmentação da fitomassa aumenta a taxa de decomposição e a liberação de N, P, Ca e S. O K é rapidamente disponibilizado, restando 91 DAM, em média, 1,5% da quantidade total acumulada. Aos 91 DAM pelo menos 80% de todos os macronutrientes já haviam sido liberados ao solo. A máxima liberação diária dos macronutrientes ocorre entre 0 a 18 DAM. A taxa de liberação de Si é constante e ocorre aumento do teor do elemento na fitomassa com o tempo devido à acentuada liberação de C. O Si é o elemento liberado mais lentamente ao solo, restando ainda 91 DAM, em média, 85% da quantidade total acumulada na fitomassa. Palavras-chave:Crotalaria juncea. Milheto. Palha-utilização na agricultura. Cultivo consorciado.ABSTRACT -The objective of this work was to evaluate the rate of decomposition and rate of release of macronutrients and Si in the biomass from intercropped sunn hemp and millet, as a function of time after management, both with and without fragmentation. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in Botucatu, São Paulo. The experimental design was of randomized blocks with four replications, in a factorial design consisting of two managements of shoot phytomass (with and without mechanical fragmentation) at six harvesting times [0, 18, 32, 46, 74 and 91 days after management (DAM)]. The dry-matter weight, macronutrient and Si content, and quantity of remaining nutrients were determined. The data were subjected to variance analysis, the averages of the factor management treatments were compared by t-test (LSD) at 5%, and those of the factor sampling-times, adjusted to the mathematical equations. Fragmentation of the phytomass increases the rate of decomposition and release of N, P, Ca and S. K is available quickly, with on average 1.5% of the total amount accumulated at 91 DAM. By 91 DAM at least 80% of all the macronutrients had been released into the soil. The maximum daily release of macronutrients occurs between 0 to18 DAM. The release rate of Si is constant, and there is an increase of the content of this element in the phytomass over time, due to the marked release of C. The element Si is that released most slowly into the soil, with there still ...

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Biomassa, decomposição e cobertura do solo ocasionada por resíduos culturais de três espécies vegetais na região centro-oeste do Brasil

Cited by 57 publications

References 13 publications

Cycling of nutrients and silicon in pigeonpea and pearl millet monoculture and intercropping

Cycling of nutrients and silicon in pigeonpea and pearl millet monoculture and intercropping

Particulate soil organic carbon and stratification ratio increases in response to crop residue decomposition under no-till

Persistência e liberação de elementos da fitomassa do consórcio crotalária com milheto sob fragmentação

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