Composição, abundância e notas sobre a ecologia de espécies de larvas de lepidópteros associadas a cinco espécies de plantas hospedeiras no Parque Nacional da Restinga de Jurubatiba, RJ

Abstract

Para imaturos de insetos fitófagos, a planta hospedeira representa um abrigo contra condições abióticas adversas, inimigos naturais e, ao mesmo tempo, seu recurso alimentar (Southwood 1973). A maioria dos insetos que se alimentam de plantas são oligófagos, utilizando espécies de um mesmo gênero ou família, mas não raramente existem espécies que são monófagas, isto é, utilizam somente uma espécie de planta hospedeira (Ehrlich & Raven 1964), o que torna muito importante o conhecimento de suas plantas hospedeiras.No Brasil, os registros de plantas hospedeiras de insetos fitófagos e informações de sua biologia e comportamento têm como fonte principal estudos pontuais ligados a alguns táxons de insetos, em geral, relacionados a pragas agrícolas ou Composição, abundância e notas sobre a ecologia de espécies de larvas de lepidópteros associadas a cinco espécies de plantas hospedeiras no Parque Nacional da Restinga de Jurubatiba, RJ . Thirty two species of Lepidoptera were reared from these five host plants, and the most abundant four species belonged to the Elachistidae. Manilkara subsericea showed the greatest number of Lepidoptera species associated, 14 species, followed by E. ovalifolium (10 species), P. icicariba (seven species), E. subsessile (six species) and P. heptaphyllum (two species).Only one out of the 32 species of Lepidoptera was gregarious and 56% used any kind of shelter to get food or for defence. Six Lepidoptera species (27%) were polyphagous, three (14%) oligophagous and 13 (59%) had just only one host plant species recorded. The most abundant species of moths exhibitted two reproductives periods in the year, predominantly in winter and autumn. Abiotic factors, such as strong insolation during spring and summer in the open scrub vegetation of restinga, may be very important in producing this temporal pattern of insect reproduction, but we cannot neglect biotic factors like natural enemies.

Laboratory evaluation of the effects of Manilkara subsericea (Mart.) Dubard extracts and triterpenes on the development of Dysdercus peruvianus and Oncopeltus fasciatus

“…M. subsericea is a host plant upon which different species of lepidopteran larvae feed . As the coevolution of plants along with insects has compelled plants to use natural chemical defences to manage insect pests, it was decided to investigate the effects of M. subsericea metabolites on the development of two phytophagous species of economic importance, in the search for environmentally safe insecticides that may play an important role in sustainable pest management.…”

“…Dubard (Sapotaceae), popularly known in Brazil as ‘guracica’, is an endemic species with edible fruits from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and grows in sandy coastal plains ( restingas ) and dense ombrophilous forests . The species acts as a host plant for some Lepidoptera species, and additionally exhibits anticholinesterase activity in vitro…”

Acidentes Provocados Por Lagartas Urticantes Em Ponta Grossa – Paraná

“…Por outro lado, os resultados divergem dos observados por Monteiro et al (2007). Em seu trabalho, ele observa um maior número de espécies de lepidóp-teros em Manilkara subsericea, pertencente à família Sapotaceae, a qual não foi encontrada nessa pesquisa.…”

Thrips species (Insecta: Thysanoptera) associated with flowers in a restinga fragment in northeastern Brazil

“…One of these native areas is the coastal forest habitat known as restinga, which exists in fragments that are severely threatened by human occupation along the entire Brazilian coast. So far, no thrips surveys in this type of environment have been conducted in the country, in contrast with the situation of other insect orders, such as Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera (Flinte et al, 2006;Monteiro et al, 2007;Silveira et al, 2008;Gostinski et al, 2016). The lack of such information impedes the development of conservation and management strategies for these and other organisms.…”