A perspectiva da enfermagem comunitária na atenção básica em Portugal

Abstract

resumoPortugal, em 2005, iniciou uma reconfiguração dos centros de saúde que nomeou como reforma da atenção básica, com os objectivos de melhorar a acessibilidade, a eficiência, a qualidade e a continuidade dos cuidados e aumentar a satisfação dos profissionais e cidadãos. Foram reorganizados os agrupamentos de centros de saúde e criadas novas tipologias de unidades de cuidados. Paralelamente foi desenvolvido o processo de continuidade de cuidados e a rede nacional de cuidados continuados integrados. As intervenções de enfermagem nos cuidados a pessoas, famílias, grupos e comunidades, na atual reforma, são fundamentais para o seu êxito. Os primeiros relatórios apresentam ainda algumas ineficiências que a actual reforma se propõe melhorar de forma sistemática incidindo na qualidade das boas práticas, no bem estar dos usuarios e a satisfação dos profissionais. Reflection AbstrActPortugal, in 2005, initiated to reconfigure its health centers, an action referred to as the reform of primary health care, with the objective to improve accessibility, efficiency, quality and the continuity of care, and increase the satisfaction of the population and the professionals. The health center groups were reorganized and new types of units were created. Also, at the same time, the health care continuity process and the national network for integrated continuous care were developed. The nursing interventions in the care provided to individuals, families, groups and communities, in the current reform, are essential for success. The first reports still indicate a few inefficiencies that the current reform proposed to systematically improve, affecting the quality of good practices, users' well being, and workers' satisfaction.

Public health nursing: regulation and public health policies

“…According to Decree-Law nº 81/2009, of April 2, "in each Health Center Group (HCG) or, with the necessary adaptations, in each local health unit, there is a Public Health Unit (PHU), which has organizational and technical autonomy" (p. 2060). In these units, the specialist nurse in community and public health nursing, integrated in multidisciplinary teams, is responsible for collaborating in the elaboration of information, public health plans, epidemiological surveillance, monitoring of the population's health status, diagnosis, elaboration of the local health plan; and propose interventions to reduce problems, or reinforce health gains (11) . In other words, this is the field in which the specialist nurse in community and public health nursing implements his competences, through his interventions.…”