High prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and other mycobacteria among HIV-infected patients in Brazil: a systematic review

Bammann, Ricardo Helbert; Zamarioli, Liliana Aparecida; Pinto, Valdir S; Vazquez, Carla; Litvoc, Marcelo Nóbrega; Klautau, Giselle Burlamaqui; Melo, Fernando Augusto Fiuza de; Cavalcante, Nilton José Fernandes; Ferrazoli, Lucilaine

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762010000600019

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A high prevalence of rifampicin resistance among isolates from TB-HIV coinfected patients has been also reported from Brazil 51. Resistance to specific anti-TB drugs among HIV-infected patients was evident in studies on global resistance rate to rifampicin alone (0.2%–9.1% 51. A survey of TB isolates collected in the US between 1993 and 1996 documented rifampicin monoresistance of 2.6% in HIV-positive cases and only 0.2% in HIV-negative cases 52.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Rifampicin resistance in HIV-TB coinfected participants was 18.7%, which is higher than a 2005 estimate of nationwide rifampicin resistance under 2% in new cases 11. A high prevalence of rifampicin resistance among isolates from TB-HIV coinfected patients has been also reported from Brazil 51. Resistance to specific anti-TB drugs among HIV-infected patients was evident in studies on global resistance rate to rifampicin alone (0.2%–9.1% 51.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Rifampicin-resistant <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> among tuberculosis-presumptive cases at University of Gondar Hospital, northwest Ethiopia

Jaleta¹,

Gizachew²,

Gelaw³

et al. 2017

IDR

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BackgroundVarious studies have reported that the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis poses a significant threat to tuberculosis-control programs worldwide. Rifampicin resistance is a surrogate marker of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, since it reveals the presence of greater than 90% isoniazid resistance. Evidence on rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis is scarce in the literature.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis among tuberculosis-presumptive cases at the University of Gondar Hospital.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted at the University of Gondar Hospital from January 2013 to August 2015. Data were collected from registration books using a data-extraction format after securing ethical approval and checking the completeness of necessary information. Data were double-entered and rechecked to ensure accuracy and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results were summarized using descriptive statistics. Associations were assessed using Fisher’s exact test, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 1,820 M. tuberculosis-presumptive patients were included in the study. The majority of the study participants were males (59.2%). The mean age of the participants was 36.6±15.8 years. The preponderant age-group was 24–30 years, with 477 (23.5%) patients. The overall prevalence of M. tuberculosis-confirmed cases was 448 (24.6%, 95% CI 0.23–0.27). Of the 448 M. tuberculosis-confirmed cases, 71 (15.8%, 95% CI 1.12–1.19) were resistant to rifampicin. Rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis was observed among HIV seropositives (14 [18.7%]), males (45[17.3%]), and previously treated tuberculosis patients (61 [16.5%]), although no significant association was found in this study.ConclusionThe overall prevalence of M. tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance was found to be high in tuberculosis patients in this study. Therefore, early detection of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis should be strengthened for management of tuberculosis patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Rifampicin-resistant <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> among tuberculosis-presumptive cases at University of Gondar Hospital, northwest Ethiopia

Jaleta¹,

Gizachew²,

Gelaw³

et al. 2017

IDR

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“…Thereafter, drug-resistant TB was recognized as a major problem again since MDR-TB was reported in worldwide. Multiple explanations have been suggested to contribute to the spread of MDR-TB around the world, including lack or inadequacy of anti-TB strategies, inadequate treatment programs, and insufficient resources, as well as delayed diagnosis of TB [5], [12]. In China, the spread of drug-resistant TB draws attention since the Fourth National Epidemiological Sampling Survey of Tuberculosis in 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Mainland China: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhou

et al. 2011

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundThe spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems in the world. Surveillance of anti-TB drug resistance is important for monitoring TB control strategies. However, the status of drug-resistant TB in China has been reported inconsistently.MethodsWe systematically reviewed published studies on drug-resistant TB in China until March 31, 2011, and quantitatively summarized prevalence and patterns of anti-TB drug resistance among new cases and previously treated cases, respectively.ResultsNinety-five eligible articles, published during 1993–2011, were included in this review. The meta-analyses showed that the prevalence of drug-resistant TB in new cases was 27.9% (95% CI, 25.6%–30.2%) (n/N = 27360/104356) and in previously treated cases was 60.3% (95% CI, 56.2%–64.2%) (n/N = 30350/45858). Furthermore, in these two study populations, the prevalence of multiple drug resistance was found to be 5.3% (95% CI, 4.4%–6.4%) (n/N = 8810/101718) and 27.4% (95% CI, 24.1%–30.9%) (n/N = 10486/44530) respectively. However, the results were found to be frequently heterogeneous (p for Q tests <0.001). The most common resistance was observed for isoniazid among both study populations. Different patterns of drug resistance were observed in the subgroup analysis with respect to geographic areas, drug susceptibility testing methods and subject enrollment time.ConclusionsResults of meta-analyses indicated a severe status of drug-resistant TB in China, which attaches an importance to strength TB prevention and control.

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“…studies in Brazil. [ 13 ] MDR-TB prevalence was 43% in HIV-positive and 3.9% in HIV-negative patients in Peru (2003). [ 14 ] Two separate studies from South Africa (2010, 2011) report 20% and 18% MDR-TB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug resistance pattern of mycobacterial isolates in HIV and non-HIV population in South India

Shivaswamy

Neelambike

2016

Lung India

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Background:Emergence of drug resistance has complicated the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). WHO reports India to be one among 27 “high burden” multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB countries.Objective:To diagnose TB and detect drug resistance of mycobacterial isolates in acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear negative HIV reactive patients (Group A) and compare them with HIV seropositive AFB smear positive (Group B) and HIV-seronegative AFB positive cases (Group C).Materials and Methods:Clinical specimens collected in all groups were processed as per the standard protocol except blood, which was processed by lysis centrifugation technique. They were then inoculated with Lowenstein-Jensen media and the isolates obtained were subjected to drug susceptibility test (DST) by proportion method and genotype MTBDR plus assay.Results:In Group A, 162 patients were included. Of the 443 clinical samples collected, 76 mycobacterial strains were obtained from 67 (41%) patients. Of these, 50 (65.8%) were sensitive to all drugs and 26 (34.2%) resistant to one or more anti-tubercular drugs. Antibiogram of Group A when compared with Group B and C showed that the MDR rate 6.6%, 6.7% and 8% respectively) did not differ much; but resistance to at least single drug was (26 [34.2%], 3 [10%], and 8 [16%]), respectively.Conclusion:Our study suggests that HIV has no influence on the anti-tubercular resistance pattern, but increased MDR rate along with HIV in high TB burden setting stresses the need for early diagnosis and DST in providing proper regimens and improve prognosis.

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High prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and other mycobacteria among HIV-infected patients in Brazil: a systematic review

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Rifampicin-resistant <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> among tuberculosis-presumptive cases at University of Gondar Hospital, northwest Ethiopia

Rifampicin-resistant <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> among tuberculosis-presumptive cases at University of Gondar Hospital, northwest Ethiopia

Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Mainland China: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Drug resistance pattern of mycobacterial isolates in HIV and non-HIV population in South India

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