A new consensus for Trypanosoma cruzi intraspecific nomenclature: second revision meeting recommends TcI to TcVI

Zingales, Bianca; Sg, Andrade; Briones, Marcelo R. S.; Campbell, D.M.; Chiari, Égler; Fernandes, Octávio; Guhl, Felipe; Lages‐Silva, Eliane; Macêdo, A A; Machado, Carlos Renato; Miles, MA; Romanha, A. J.; Sturm, NR; Tibayrenc, Michel; Schijman, A.G.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762009000700021

Cited by 876 publications

(744 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…An interesting feature observed for YuYu strain is its ability to release a higher amount of EVs than Y strain as confirmed by SEM and NTA. This feature may be also strain specific since YuYu and Y strains belong to TcI and TcII groups, respectively [18]. Although both EVs showed similar sizes, they exhibited intraspecies polymorphisms in their contents confirming preliminary qualitative analysis [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Those molecules are well-established T. cruzi virulence factors [1,5,7,8,30–34]. Both strains were able to release EVs suggesting that similar mechanisms of their biogenesis may occur among different T. cruzi groups [18,35]. An interesting feature observed for YuYu strain is its ability to release a higher amount of EVs than Y strain as confirmed by SEM and NTA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Here, we performed a quantitative and qualitative analysis of EVs and secreted vesicle-free (VF) fraction of two T. cruzi strains (Y and YuYu) classified as TcI and TcII [18], respectively. Those strains displayed significant biological differences regarding infectivity [19], drug resistance [11], and immunomodulation [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteomic analysis reveals different composition of extracellular vesicles released by two Trypanosoma cruzi strains associated with their distinct interaction with host cells

Ribeiro

Vasconcellos

Soares

et al. 2018

J of Extracellular Vesicle

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Trypanosoma cruzi, the aetiologic agent of Chagas disease, releases vesicles containing a wide range of surface molecules known to affect the host immunological responses and the cellular infectivity. Here, we compared the secretome of two distinct strains (Y and YuYu) of T. cruzi, which were previously shown to differentially modulate host innate and acquired immune responses. Tissue culture-derived trypomastigotes of both strains secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), as demonstrated by electron scanning microscopy. EVs were purified by exclusion chromatography or ultracentrifugation and quantitated using nanoparticle tracking analysis. Trypomastigotes from YuYu strain released higher number of EVs than those from Y strain, enriched with virulence factors trans-sialidase (TS) and cruzipain. Proteomic analysis confirmed the increased abundance of proteins coded by the TS gene family, mucin-like glycoproteins, and some typical exosomal proteins in the YuYu strain, which also showed considerable differences between purified EVs and vesicle-free fraction as compared to the Y strain. To evaluate whether such differences were related to parasite infectivity, J774 macrophages and LLC-MK2 kidney cells were preincubated with purified EVs from both strains and then infected with Y strain trypomastigotes. EVs released by YuYu strain caused a lower infection but higher intracellular proliferation in J774 macrophages than EVs from Y strain. In contrast, YuYu strain-derived EVs caused higher infection of LLC-MK2 cells than Y strain-derived EVs. In conclusion, quantitative and qualitative differences in EVs and secreted proteins from different T. cruzi strains may correlate with infectivity/virulence during the host–parasite interaction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Proteomic analysis reveals different composition of extracellular vesicles released by two Trypanosoma cruzi strains associated with their distinct interaction with host cells

Ribeiro

Vasconcellos

Soares

et al. 2018

J of Extracellular Vesicle

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“…In humans, infection is characterized by 2 phases: an acute phase, which is generally asymptomatic, and a chronic phase, asymptomatic (indeterminate) or symptomatic T. cruzi genetic variability is increasingly recognized and this parasite has been genetically classified into six discrete typing units (DTUs) -TcI to TcVI (Zingales et al, 2009), -which have different geographic distributions and may be associated with geographically-restricted clinical profiles (Tibayrenc and Telleria, 2010). Several data indicate that human genetic determinants may impact the clinical outcome of Chagas disease (Florez et al, 2012;Vasconcelos et al, 2012).…”

Section: Chagas Disease Is a Neglected Tropical Disease Caused By Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma cruzi strains cause different myocarditis patterns in infected mice

et al. 2014

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Esta es la versión de autor del artículo publicado en: This is an author produced version of a paper published in:Acta Tropica 139 (2014) pancarditis with inflammatory infiltrates along the epicardium, whereas Sc43 caused inflammation preferentially in the auricles in association with intracellular parasite localization. We observed intramyocardic perivasculitis in mice infected with the VFRA and Y strains, but not with Sc43, during the acute phase, which suggests that endothelial cells may be involved in heart colonization by these more virulent strains. In in vitro infection assays, the Y strain had the highest parasite-cell ratio in epithelial, macrophage and endothelial cell lines, but Y and VFRA strains were higher than Sc43 in cardiomyocytes. Conclusions. This study supports parasite variability as a cause for the diverse cardiac outcomes observed in Chagas disease, and suggests that endothelial cells could be involved in heart infection during the acute phase.3

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“…Current international consensus recognizes a minimum of six stable genetic lineages or discrete typing units (DTUs) (TcI‐TcVI) (Zingales et al . 2009), which have distributions loosely defined by geography, ecology and transmission cycle (Miles et al . 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological host fitting of Trypanosoma cruzi TcI in Bolivia: mosaic population structure, hybridization and a role for humans in Andean parasite dispersal

et al. 2015

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An improved understanding of how a parasite species exploits its genetic repertoire to colonize novel hosts and environmental niches is crucial to establish the epidemiological risk associated with emergent pathogenic genotypes. Trypanosoma cruzi, a genetically heterogeneous, multi‐host zoonosis, provides an ideal system to examine the sylvatic diversification of parasitic protozoa. In Bolivia, T. cruzi I, the oldest and most widespread genetic lineage, is pervasive across a range of ecological clines. High‐resolution nuclear (26 loci) and mitochondrial (10 loci) genotyping of 199 contemporaneous sylvatic TcI clones was undertaken to provide insights into the biogeographical basis of T. cruzi evolution. Three distinct sylvatic parasite transmission cycles were identified: one highland population among terrestrial rodent and triatomine species, composed of genetically homogenous strains (A r = 2.95; PA/L = 0.61; DAS = 0.151), and two highly diverse, parasite assemblages circulating among predominantly arboreal mammals and vectors in the lowlands (A r = 3.40 and 3.93; PA/L = 1.12 and 0.60; DAS = 0.425 and 0.311, respectively). Very limited gene flow between neighbouring terrestrial highland and arboreal lowland areas (distance ~220 km; FST = 0.42 and 0.35) but strong connectivity between ecologically similar but geographically disparate terrestrial highland ecotopes (distance >465 km; FST = 0.016–0.084) strongly supports ecological host fitting as the predominant mechanism of parasite diversification. Dissimilar heterozygosity estimates (excess in highlands, deficit in lowlands) and mitochondrial introgression among lowland strains may indicate fundamental differences in mating strategies between populations. Finally, accelerated parasite dissemination between densely populated, highland areas, compared to uninhabited lowland foci, likely reflects passive, long‐range anthroponotic dispersal. The impact of humans on the risk of epizootic Chagas disease transmission in Bolivia is discussed.

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A new consensus for Trypanosoma cruzi intraspecific nomenclature: second revision meeting recommends TcI to TcVI

Cited by 876 publications

References 29 publications

Proteomic analysis reveals different composition of extracellular vesicles released by two Trypanosoma cruzi strains associated with their distinct interaction with host cells

Proteomic analysis reveals different composition of extracellular vesicles released by two Trypanosoma cruzi strains associated with their distinct interaction with host cells

Trypanosoma cruzi strains cause different myocarditis patterns in infected mice

Ecological host fitting of Trypanosoma cruzi TcI in Bolivia: mosaic population structure, hybridization and a role for humans in Andean parasite dispersal

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