Vaccines against Toxoplasma gondii: challenges and opportunities

Jongert, Erik; Roberts, Craig W.; Gargano, Nicola; Förster-Waldl, Elisabeth; Petersen, Eskild

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762009000200019

Cited by 170 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…These cytokines can subsequently activate CD8? T cytotoxic cells to turn into major cytotoxic effector cells for lysing tachyzoite-infected cells, limiting parasite dissemination during acute infection phase (Jongert et al 2010), as well as inhibiting cyst formation during chronic infection (Jongert et al 2009). In addition, TNF-a together with IL-6 can enhance proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocytes (Lang et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo effect of anti-TNF agent (etanercept) in reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo effect of anti-TNF agent (etanercept) in reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis

et al. 2015

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“…This protein is presented in tachizoytes, bradizoytes and sporozytes forms of parasite and plays a role in invasion to host cells. The ROP1 is expressed in many phases of parasitic life cycle, it confers a suitable target for production of clinical diagnostic kits and recombinant vaccines (2). Gue et al cloned a 760bp ROP1 gene fragment into pBV220 expression plasmid and assessed the immune responses of Balb/c mice vaccinated by this plasmid (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Toxoplasma may cause different clinical forms such as asymptomatic or sever symptoms like abortion, congenital defects and death (1). Since the current antigens that are used for diagnosis or vaccination are contaminated with non parasitic material in which the parasite is grown, a lot of efforts are made to produce recombinant antigens to design vaccine against toxoplasmosis or make diagnostic kits (2). Choosing the type of antigen to produce recombinant vaccine or diagnostic kits is considerably important because it should be immunogene, trigger of cellular immunity response, proliferator of T lymphocytes and also presented in most of the parasite life-cycle (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary Study: Expression of Rhoptry Protein 1 (ROP1) Toxoplasma gondii in Prokaryote System

Eslamirad¹,

Ghaffarifar²,

Shojapour³

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite, which infects human beings. Since the current antigens used for diagnosis or vaccination are contaminated with non parasitic material in which the parasite is grown, it is tried to produce recombinant antigens to design vaccines against toxoplasmosis, or make diagnostic kits. Choosing the type of antigen to produce recombinant vaccine or diagnostic kits is considerably important. The rhoptry protein 1 is one of the excretory-secretary antigens of Toxoplasma which seems to be an appropriate candidate in production of recombinant vaccines and diagnostic kits. Objectives: The current study aimed to produce rhoptry protein 1 from Iranian strains of Toxoplasma for further investigations. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from tachyzoite of parasite by phenol chloroform method and gene fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The polymerase chain reaction products were ligated into restriction enzymes sites of pTZ57R/T cloning vector. The product was sub-cloned into a prokaryotic expression plasmid (pET32a). The recombinant expression vector containing rhoptry protein 1 sequence was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 pLysS and was induced by isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside. The sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting methods were used to confirm the production of protein. Results:The result showed that the desired molecular weight protein is produced. Recombinant protein was confirmed by western blot using Ni-NTA-conjugate. Conclusions:The result of this study showed that recombinant ROP1 Toxoplasma was produced successfully. In the present study, unlike other studies, the goal was to express full length of ROP1. Also this protein was produced alone not fused with other proteins.

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“…However, this attenuated vaccine is considered inappropriate for use in livestock because of the risk of reversion of the infection by the most proliferative form of the parasite. [8][9][10] The DNA vaccination is a method that uses the plasmid vector to express the target antigen. They are known to induce cellular and humoral immune response in animal models 3,[10][11][12][13] and considered to be safe, efficient, and cost effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10] The DNA vaccination is a method that uses the plasmid vector to express the target antigen. They are known to induce cellular and humoral immune response in animal models 3,[10][11][12][13] and considered to be safe, efficient, and cost effective. Immunization studies with plasmid DNA have been known to induce both cellular 14,15 and humoral responses in T. gondii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Induced by DNA Vaccine of the ROP8 gene of Toxoplasma gondii

Parthasarathy¹,

Fong²,

Kalyanasundaram

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Toxoplasmosis in humans and other animals is caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. During the process of host cell invasion and parasitophorous vacuole formation by the tachyzoites, the parasite secretes Rhoptry protein 8 (ROP8), an apical secretory organelle. Thus, ROP8 is an important protein for the pathogenesis of T. gondii. The ROP8 DNA was constructed into a pVAX-1 vaccine vector and used for immunizing BALB/c mice. Immunized mice developed immune response characterized by significant antibody responses, antigen-specific proliferation of spleen cells, and production of high levels of IFN-γ (816 ± 26.3 pg/mL). Challenge experiments showed significant levels of increase in the survival period (29 days compared with 9 days in control) in ROP8 DNA vaccinated mice after a lethal challenge with T. gondii. Results presented in this study suggest that ROP8 DNA is a promising and potential vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis.

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Vaccines against Toxoplasma gondii: challenges and opportunities

Abstract: Development of vaccines against

Cited by 170 publications

References 109 publications

In vivo effect of anti-TNF agent (etanercept) in reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis

In vivo effect of anti-TNF agent (etanercept) in reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis

A preliminary Study: Expression of Rhoptry Protein 1 (ROP1) Toxoplasma gondii in Prokaryote System

Protective Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Induced by DNA Vaccine of the ROP8 gene of Toxoplasma gondii

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