Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psycodidae) fauna in the Chaco region and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis transmission patterns in Argentina

Abstract

In Argentina, the incidence of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL)

First description of Migonemyia migonei (França) and Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) natural infected by Leishmania infantum in Argentina

“…The later one, considered as a low VL endemic focus, is where M. migonei has been suggested as a putative or secondary vector of an enzootic VL cycle with accidental transmission to humans, due to its prevalence around the VL cases, in peridomestic environments with plenty of domestic animals, and an increased supply of parasites provided by canines that migrated from other endemic areas (Salomón et al, 2010b). Additionally, in a few TL endemic areas, M. migonei has been suggested as a vector linking the enzootic and anthropo-zoonotic transmission cycles, due to its adaptation to manmade modified environments and its relative anthropophilic behavior (Chaves and Añez, 2004;Salomón et al, 2006Salomón et al, , 2008c; these proposals are supported by PCR based molecular finding of M. migonei naturally infected by L. braziliensis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Pita-Pereira et al, 2005).…”

Leishmania infantum and Human Visceral Leishmaniasis, Argentina

“…longipalpis sandfl ies in the study area or surrounding areas (10). Nevertheless, studies on natural infections of vector sandfl ies and reservoir-host animals (especially dogs) are needed.…”

Identification of the natural breeding sites of sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), potential vectors of leishmaniasis, in the province of Chaco, Argentina

“…In Argentina, no previous studies have been conducted to identify the natural breeding sites of Phlebotominae. Thus, we decided to initiate these studies in the province of Chaco (27º27'S 58º59'W) in areas with a history of outbreaks or isolated cases of leishmaniasis in humans and in which Phlebotominae occur (Salomón et al 2008, Rosa et al 2010.…”

“…In the humid Chaco, it is second in abundance to Nissomyia neivai (Salomón et al 2008, Rosa et al 2010. In Brazil, the adults of these species were found primarily in tree trunks, tabular roots and domestic animal shelters and on the external and internal walls of houses in domestic, peridomestic and transitional environments (ecotones), although the actual breeding sites could be different from these resting places (Rangel & Lainson 2003).…”

“…In Brazil, the adults of these species were found primarily in tree trunks, tabular roots and domestic animal shelters and on the external and internal walls of houses in domestic, peridomestic and transitional environments (ecotones), although the actual breeding sites could be different from these resting places (Rangel & Lainson 2003). Both species were found naturally infected by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and M. migonei in Brazil (Rangel et al 1986, Azevedo et al 1990, Pita Pereira et al 2005 and N. neivai in Argentina, where they are implicated as vectors in the peridomestic transmission cycle of tegumentary leishmaniasis (Córdoba Lanús et al 2006, Salomón et al 2008, Rosa et al 2010 due to the adaptability of these flies to the human environment (Salomón et al 2008).…”