Leptoconops nosopheris sp. n. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and Paleotrypanosoma burmanicus gen. n., sp. n. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae), a biting midge - trypanosome vector association from the Early Cretaceous

We propose a taxonomic revision of the dixenous trypanosomatids currently classified as Endotrypanum and Leishmania, including parasites that do not fall within the subgenera L. (Leishmania) and L. (Viannia) related to human leishmaniasis or L. (Sauroleishmania) formed by leishmanias of lizards: L. colombiensis, L. equatorensis, L. herreri, L. hertigi, L. deanei, L. enriettii and L. martiniquensis. The comparison of these species with newly characterized isolates from sloths, porcupines and phlebotomines from central and South America unveiled new genera and subgenera supported by past (RNA PolII gene) and present (V7V8 SSU rRNA, Hsp70 and gGAPDH) phylogenetic analyses of the organisms. The genus Endotrypanum is restricted to Central and South America, comprising isolates from sloths and transmitted by phlebotomines that sporadically infect humans. This genus is the closest to the new genus Porcisia proposed to accommodate the Neotropical porcupine parasites originally described as L. hertigi and L. deanei. A new subgenus Leishmania (Mundinia) is created for the L. enriettii complex that includes L. martiniquensis. The new genus Zelonia harbours trypanosomatids from Neotropical hemipterans placed at the edge of the Leishmania-Endotrypanum-Porcisia clade. Finally, attention is drawn to the status of L. siamensis and L. australiensis as nomem nudums.

show abstract

“…2016). Finally, a trypanosomatid was reported in a fossil ceratopogonid from the early cretaceous (Poinar, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An appraisal of the taxonomy and nomenclature of trypanosomatids presently classified as Leishmania and Endotrypanum

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Leptoconops zherikhini Szadziewski and Arillo 2003 also differs from L. daugeroni in the flagellomeres 2 and 3 longer than broad, as well as the structure of the tarsal claws. Leptoconops nosopheris Poinar 2008 has small simple tarsal claws, its terminal flagellomere 2.9 times as long as flagellomere 11, instead of 3.4-4.5 times in L. daugeroni, and very long cerci, 0.62 mm instead of 0.14-0.21 mm in L. daugeroni (Poinar 2008 are known only by males and are therefore hardly comparable to the female specimen of L. daugeroni. The apex of vein R3 is in a more distal position in L. clava than in L. daugeroni (Borkent 1997: fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genus Leptoconops Skuse (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Early Cretaceous Charentese amber

Choufani

Azar

Perrichot

et al. 2011

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new species of biting midge is described and figured based on five females from the uppermost Albian amber of France. One specimen preserved in opaque amber was reconstructed by propagation phase contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography, allowing for detailed observation of minute external features. Leptoconops daugeroni Choufani, Azar and Nel, sp. nov. can be attributed to the group of subgenera [Holoconops Kieffer (Ann Hist-Nat Mus Natl Hung 16:31-136, 1918)+(Megaconops Wirth and Atchley+Leptoconops s. str. + Proleptoconops Clastrier (Parassitologia 16:231-238, 1974))], making inference on its palaeoecology possible, with larvae of this clade living in moist and usually saline sandy soil on coastal and inland beaches, which is congruent with the current reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment of this amber deposit.

show abstract

“…We compare L. gravesi with other fossil Leptoconops described by Szadziewski (1988Szadziewski ( , 1996Szadziewski ( , 2004, Kalugina (1991), Borkent (1995Borkent ( , 1996Borkent ( , 1997, Szadziewski and Arillo (2003), Szadziewski and Poinar (2005), Poinar (2008), and Choufani and others (2011). Unfortunately, the Leptoconops species described by Szadziewski & Schluter (1992) Leptoconops sibiricus Szadwiewski has the costal vein very short, not extending beyond R3, the terminal flagellomere 4× as long as the preceding one (as opposed to 2.2× in L. gravesi), and the upper surface of claws with setae, unlike L. gravesi.…”

Section: Subgenus Leptoconops Skuse 1889 Leptoconops (Leptoconops) Gmentioning

confidence: 92%

New biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Late Cretaceous Vendean amber

Choufani

Perrichot

Azar

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Leptoconops nosopheris sp. n. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and Paleotrypanosoma burmanicus gen. n., sp. n. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae), a biting midge - trypanosome vector association from the Early Cretaceous

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

An appraisal of the taxonomy and nomenclature of trypanosomatids presently classified as Leishmania and Endotrypanum

An appraisal of the taxonomy and nomenclature of trypanosomatids presently classified as Leishmania and Endotrypanum

The genus Leptoconops Skuse (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Early Cretaceous Charentese amber

New biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Late Cretaceous Vendean amber

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About