Abundance of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) and urban transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Abstract

The outspread and urbanization of visceral leishmaniasis (VL)

Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the municipality of Várzea Grande: an area of transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

“…The predominance of L. longipalpis found in the present study showed to be in accordance with Missawa and Lima (2005) in the same municipality and other localities as reported by Oliveira et al (2003Oliveira et al ( , 2006 for Campo Grande, MS, Resende et al (2006) and Souza et al (2004) for Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais (MG), Barata et al (2004Barata et al ( , 2005, and França- for Porteirinha, MG, Monteiro et al (2005) for Montes Claros, MG.…”

“…The closeness between the houses and the domestic animal shelters may account for the presence of insects indoors together with their capacity of endophilia. The high frequency of male insects found in both intra-and peridomiciliary areas has corroborated data provided by Oliveira et al (2003Oliveira et al ( , 2006, Resende et al (2006), Barata et al (2004Barata et al ( , 2005, evidencing the high adaptation capacity of sand flies enabling the disease transmission. The process of urbanization of insects and, consequently, of the disease is correlated with disorganized urban growth, followed by human migration from rural to urban regions and the environmental destruction.…”

Biotic factors and occurrence of Lutzomyia longipalpis in endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

“…longipalpis in Amazon. A similar result was described by Oliveira et al (2003Oliveira et al ( , 2006 with ratios greater than 2:1 for males to females of this species in the same city of Campo Grande. However, Galati et al (2010) observed a higher proportion of females over males in the 2,449 specimens captured of 21 different species.…”

“…The following entomological surveys showed year-round prevalence of Lu. longipalpis in urban areas, with higher density in the rainy season, confirming their preference for environments modified by human action (Oliveira et al 2003(Oliveira et al , 2006.…”

Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in the region of Saquarema: potential area of visceral leishmaniasis transmission in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis at a low low density was first reported in Campo Grande, the capital city of Mato Grosso do Sul, by Oliveira et al 6 , followed by the diagnosis of the first canine case of visceral leishmaniasis. Only a few years later, L. longipalpis dominated the sandfly fauna and is now the main species in all catches, with an increasing number of VL cases in the city 15 . A similar dispersion and increase in the numbers of L. longipalpis and the establishment of visceral leishmaniasis has occurred in several Brazilian cities.…”