The frequency of Toxocara infection in mental retarded children

Kaplan, Mustafa; Kalkan, Ahmet; Hoşoğlu, Salih; Kuk, Salih; Özden, Mehmet; Demirdag, Kutbettin; Özdarendeli, Aykut

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762004000200001

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Fan et al (2004) reported up to 75.6 % of seropositive healthy children living in Taiwan, in an environment contaminated by eggs of Toxocara spp. Kaplan et al (2004) detected a substantially higher seroprevalence in groups of mentally disabled persons (18.8 %) than was that in a sample of healthy individuals (7.1 %). Many authors indicate higher seroprevalence in the rural areas in comparison to towns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…In contrast, Savigny et al (1979) in England documented seropositivity only in 2.6 % of blood donors. In Sweden, Ljungström and van Knapen (1989) found antibodies in 7.0 % of the healthy population; in Turkey, Kaplan et al (2004) also in 7.1 % of healthy persons. The highest seroprevalence -86 % is recorded in Saint Lucia, in the Caribbean area (Safar et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Toxocariasis in urban environment of western Slovakia

Ondriska¹,

Macuhova

Melicherová

et al. 2013

Helminthologia

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261 SummaryThe aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of toxocariasis in Bratislava and smaller towns in western Slovakia. During 2006 -2011, sand samples collected from 121 sandpits were investigated: 63 sandpits were from Bratislava City and 58 from sandpits in towns outside Bratislava (Malacky, Pezinok Stupava). In Bratislava, 27 % of examined sandpits were contaminated with Toxocara spp. eggs. In smaller towns eggs of Toxocara spp. were found from three sandpits (6.8 %) of Pezinok and Stupava only. In Malacky, no faeces and no eggs were found in any sandpits. Faecal samples of 1436 dogs and 263 cats were investigated. T. canis eggs were found in the faeces of 16.5 % dogs and T. cati in 18.6 % of examined cats. Toxocariasis of dogs was significantly higher in smaller towns such as the city Bratislava (χ2 = 10.88 for P ≤ 0.001). The difference in prevalence of T. cati in cats bred in Bratislava and outside Bratislava was not confirmed (P ≤ 0.05). 382 pregnant women were examined by ELISA. Anti-Toxocara antibodies were detected in 32 women (8.4 %). The difference in seroprevalence of women coming from Bratislava (6.6 %) and smaller towns outside Bratislava (11.0 %) was not statistically significant (χ2 = 1.6; P ≤ 0.05).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Toxocariasis in urban environment of western Slovakia

Ondriska¹,

Macuhova

Melicherová

et al. 2013

Helminthologia

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“…Evidence for cerebral toxocariasis in humans is patchy but there are some indications that larval involvement in the human brain may have some subtle public health implications (Hill, Denham and Scholtz, 1985 ;Marmor et al 1987 ;Magnaval et al 1997). The clinical significance of cerebral infection remains unclear, however, since there are usually other factors involved when the patient presents -such as epilepsy, dementia, and mental retardation (Kaplan et al 2004 ;Magnaval et al 1997 ;Glickman et al 1979). Nevertheless, given the results of this study, and the others cited, it is evident that cerebral T. canis infection can lead to behavioural alterations, and although these results are in rodents, they still carry implications for human health, especially given the high seroprevalence of T. canis in some countries (Worley et al 1984 ;Thomson et al 1986 ;Holland et al 1995), and the close partnership between dog and man.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A murine model for cerebral toxocariasis: characterization of host susceptibility and behaviour

et al. 2006

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Toxocara canis, the parasitic roundworm of dogs, can infect a number of paratenic hosts, such as mice and humans, due to the widespread dissemination of its ova in the environment. In these paratenic hosts, larvae have been shown to exhibit a predilection for the central nervous system, resulting in an increasing number of parasites migrating to the brain as infection progresses. In an initial experiment, we investigated the differential brain involvement of T. canis in 7 strains of inbred mice, and chose 2 strains, susceptible (BALB/c) and resistant (NIH) to cerebral infection. In a second experiment, both strains were investigated in terms of course of migration, larval accumulation, and behavioural response to T. canis infection. Results revealed that infected BALB/c mice took significantly longer to drink from a water source (following a period of deprivation), compared with control mice, indicating some degree of memory impairment. Cerebral larval recoveries from both strains of mice demonstrated variation between the two experiments, suggesting that larval burdens may not be a reliable indicator of susceptibility or resistance to T. canis infection. The percentage of total recovered larvae in each organ may be a better representation of larval distribution. Our model system may provide insights into the impact of chronic geohelminth infection on cognitive development.

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“…As técnicas de Hoffman e de Willis são as mais tradicionalmente utilizadas respectivamente para ovos pesados e leves (KAPLAN et al, 2004;SPRENGER;GREEN;MOLENTO, 2014). No entanto, Corrêa, Souza e Lisbôa (2015), realizando estudo para detecção de ovos de parasitas em fezes de cães nas em praças públicas, verificaram resultado superior utilizando a técnica de centrífugo-flutuação em comparação a técnica de Willis.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Ainda assim, foram encontrados ovos em 66,6% das praças avaliadas, demonstrando que estudos em toda a região são de suma importância para a implementação de medidas de controle e prevenção de zoonoses. Kaplan et al (2004) relatam que a contaminação do ambiente pode ser alta mesmo quando os animais eliminam poucos ovos através das fezes, porque os ovos se mantem no ambiente durante muitos dias.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

CONTAMINAÇÃO AMBIENTAL POR OVOS DE Ancylostoma spp. E Toxocara spp. EM ÁREAS DE SEIS PRAÇAS PÚBLICAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE VALENÇA, ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO

Cirne¹,

Silva

Carvalho³

et al. 2017

Acta Biomed.Bras.

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A contaminação de praças públicas por ovos de geohelmintos constitui um problema de saúde pública. Nesses locais, ovos ou larvas podem permanecer por muito tempo, até que a infecção ocorra. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a contaminação ambiental por ovos de Ancylostoma spp. e Toxocara spp. em amostras de solos coletadas de praças públicas de Valença, Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho englobou seis praças próximas ao centro da cidade. Foram colhidos 50g de solo de cinco pontos diferentes de cada praça, totalizando-se 30 amostras. Utilizou-se as técnicas de centrífugo-flutuaçãoem solução saturada de açúcar e de Hoffman. A contaminação somente por ovos de Ancylostoma spp. foi de 66,6% (4/6), sendo encontrados ovos em 30% (9/30) das amostras de solo analisadas. A ocorrência de ovos de Ancylostoma spp. nas praças públicas de Valença enfatiza a importância da adoção de medidas restritivas rígidas que impeçam a entrada de animais em locais de recreação para crianças, pois não apenas este, mas outros parasitas são capazes de comprometer a saúde humana e atuar como forma de infecção no ambiente para outros animais.

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The frequency of Toxocara infection in mental retarded children

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Toxocariasis in urban environment of western Slovakia

Toxocariasis in urban environment of western Slovakia

A murine model for cerebral toxocariasis: characterization of host susceptibility and behaviour

CONTAMINAÇÃO AMBIENTAL POR OVOS DE Ancylostoma spp. E Toxocara spp. EM ÁREAS DE SEIS PRAÇAS PÚBLICAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE VALENÇA, ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO

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