Bloodstream infections in late-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients evaluated by a lysis centrifugation system

Rosas, Rc; Salomão, Reinaldo; Matta, Daniel Archimedes da; Lopes, H.V; Pignatari, Antônio Carlos Campos; Colombo, Arnaldo Lopes

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762003000400019

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The full text of 81 potentially included studies were reviewed and 27 met inclusion criteria (Figure 1). 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 Full-text articles that were not primary studies (n=26), did not conduct mycobacterial blood culture testing (n=12), did not clearly define the population in whom mycobacterial blood culture was performed (n=9), contained data that was represented in a second, more recent citation (n=4), and that were not in English (n=3) were excluded. Of the 27 included studies, two included both adults and children and were counted as separate MTB bacteremia prevalence estimates and one study did not present MTB bacteremia prevalence separately by adults and children.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> bacteremia in adults and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pavlinac¹,

Lokken²,

Walson³

et al. 2016

int j tuberc lung dis

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SUMMARY Setting Among HIV-infected adults living in tuberculosis (TB) endemic settings, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is a common cause of bloodstream infections. Although children experience an increased propensity for MTB dissemination, MTB bacteremia is infrequently described in children. Objective To determine the prevalence of MTB bacteremia in adult and pediatric patients and to examine sources of heterogeneity between estimates. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Results Of 1077 reviewed abstracts, 27 publications met inclusion criteria, yielding 29 independent MTB bacteremia prevalence estimates (22 in adults, 6 in children, and 1 not stratified by age group). The random effects pooled MTB bacteremia prevalence in adults was 13.5% (95% CI: 10.8–16.2%) and in children was 0.4% (95% CI: 0–0.9%) (p-value for difference = 0.004). Restricting analyses to HIV-infected participants, pooled MTB bacteremia prevalence from 21 adult studies was 15.5% (95% CI: 12.5–18.5%) and 0.8% (95% CI: 0–1.8%) in 3 pediatric studies (p-value=0.001). Inclusion of pre-determined study-level confounders did not account for observed differences in MTB bacteremia prevalence between age groups. Conclusion While MTB bacteremia appears relatively common in adults, particularly those with HIV infection, bloodstream MTB appears to be rare in children.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> bacteremia in adults and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pavlinac¹,

Lokken²,

Walson³

et al. 2016

int j tuberc lung dis

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“…This increase was consistent with epidemiological data from other national and international hospitals. 6,13,[19][20][21] The increased prevalence of fungemia in hospital services may be related to advances in health care, which allowed greater survival of immunosuppressed patients. 19 The frequent use of invasive instruments and materials in hospital care, and the indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials also contributed to the increase in fungemia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Several studies have shown that the main risk factors for fungemias are prolonged steroid therapy, chemotherapy, malnutrition, malignancy, previous fungal colonization, dialysis, abdominal surgery and immunosuppression. 5,6 Other determining factors for the increased occurrence of hospital fungemia are the growing use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and invasive technical procedures, such as central venous catheters, mechanical ventilation, parenteral nutrition, and the growing number of organ transplants. 2,4,7 The fungus most commonly isolated in the blood of patients with fungemia worldwide is Candida albicans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of fungemia in a tertiary hospital: Analysis of the last decade

Castro

Schütze

Bücker

et al. 2016

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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“…Automated culture systems have added new dimensions in mycobacteriology laboratories (7,9). However, most of the automated culture systems use clinical samples other than blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel method for clearing red blood cell debris from BacT/ALERT^® blood culture medium for improved microscopic and antimycobacterial drug susceptibility test results

Gopinath

Kumar

Sankar

et al. 2007

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Even though automation in mycobacterial culture has immensely improved the detection of organisms, identification of species and antimycobacterial susceptibility testing from blood culture bottles remain cumbersome and error-prone due to the presence of intact red blood cells (RBCs). The removal or lysis of these RBCs and excessive protein from the blood components could theoretically help improve this process. The present study reports an effective method that uses ammonium chloride (NH(4)Cl) and Triton X-100 to lyse the RBCs in blood culture medium. The method was optimized by preparing various concentrations of NH(4)Cl and Triton X-100, and incubation conditions, leading to eight protocols. The lysis protocol with a concentration of 150 mM of NH(4)Cl, 0.5% Triton X-100, and 1% potassium bicarbonate, pH 7.0, and incubation at 37 degrees C for 15 min was found to be optimal. This method not only made the culture medium clear, the protein concentration decreased from 753.5+/-39.4 to 53.2+/-4.2 mg/mL in the M. tuberculosis-spiked culture medium and in the blood culture medium inoculated with the blood from tuberculosis patients. The method had no adverse effect on mycobacteria, and no depletion of M. tuberculosis colony-forming units was found. The lysate could be used for antimycobacterial susceptibility testing with no difficulty in setting the mycobacterial concentration of inoculum to 0.5 McFarland standards. Furthermore, this method had the added advantage in the microscopy and molecular methods for the speciation of Mycobacterium sp.

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Bloodstream infections in late-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients evaluated by a lysis centrifugation system

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

<I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> bacteremia in adults and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

<I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> bacteremia in adults and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of fungemia in a tertiary hospital: Analysis of the last decade

Novel method for clearing red blood cell debris from BacT/ALERT^® blood culture medium for improved microscopic and antimycobacterial drug susceptibility test results

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Bloodstream infections in late-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients evaluated by a lysis centrifugation system

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

<I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> bacteremia in adults and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

<I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> bacteremia in adults and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of fungemia in a tertiary hospital: Analysis of the last decade

Novel method for clearing red blood cell debris from BacT/ALERT® blood culture medium for improved microscopic and antimycobacterial drug susceptibility test results

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Novel method for clearing red blood cell debris from BacT/ALERT^® blood culture medium for improved microscopic and antimycobacterial drug susceptibility test results