Abundance of Mepraia spinolai in a Periurban Zone of Chile

Cattan, Pedro E.; Pinochet, Angélica; Botto‐Mahan, Carezza; Acuña, M; Canals, Mauricio

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762002000300001

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…14 Even though the human blood index for M. spinolai indicates that this species is not an important vector of T. cruzi , the insect reaches high population densities in stone walls or dry rivers near human dwellings, suggesting an increasing risk of Chagas disease transmission in these localities. 15 A previous study reported by Botto-Mahan and others 16 in the same geographic area showed 46.2% of T. cruzi infection in M. spinolai using molecular evidence, which is much higher than that reported for the same area using microscopic observation. In addition, their results indicate that younger nymphs are as infected as the older ones, therefore, equally important in parasite transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Molecular Epidemiology of Chagas Disease in the Wild Transmission Cycle: The Evaluation in the Sylvatic Vector Mepraia spinolai from an Endemic Area of Chile

Coronado¹,

Rozas²,

Botto‐Mahan³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The sylvatic transmission cycle of Chagas disease in Chile is composed of wild mammals and insects of the genus Mepraia . We determined infection rates and Trypanosoma cruzi genotypes in Mepraia spinolai . We collected 227 insects from two ecologically contrasting areas to assess T. cruzi infection. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified minicircle DNAs were characterized by Southern blot and hybridization tests with genotype-specific probes. Infection in insects from the more fertile area was almost 2-fold higher than in the poorer area. The genotype TCI was the most prevalent and other genotypes such as TCIIb, TCIId, and TCIIe were found at lower rates. The areas differed in their genotype distribution but not in their genotype diversity. We suggest that the difference in abundance and richness of mammals between the areas may be producing the detected infection levels in vectors. Our results are compared with those reported for mammals from the same area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Molecular Epidemiology of Chagas Disease in the Wild Transmission Cycle: The Evaluation in the Sylvatic Vector Mepraia spinolai from an Endemic Area of Chile

Coronado¹,

Rozas²,

Botto‐Mahan³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The fact that sampling was conducted in rural sylvatic sites could explain the low detection of domiciliary animals and the missing detection of human blood. On the other hand, Chile has controlled successfully the domiciliary vector T. infestans by means of intensive house spraying (Cattan et al, 2002). This control may have an effect over M. spinolai in peridomestic areas, keeping this vector away from domiciliary sources.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding profile of Mepraia spinolai , a sylvatic vector of Chagas disease in Chile

et al. 2016

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“…Si se considera que en la costa desértica del norte de Chile hubo períodos de escasez de recursos, tales como maderas y utensilios para cocer bien los alimentos, las poblaciones tempranas podrían haber consumido crudos los distintos recursos alimentarios de la zona, exponiéndose también a adquirir esta infección por la vía oral. (Porter, 1934), cuya distribución abarca particularmente las regiones de Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo y Valparaíso (Apt et al 2008, Cattan et al 2002 y Mepraia gajardoi (Frías et al, 1998) que se encuentra en las playas y desierto costero de las regiones Arica y Parinacota y Tarapacá en el norte de Chile. Estos dos últimos vectores son principalmente silvestres aunque también son encontrados en peridomicilio.…”

Section: La Transmisión Del Parásitounclassified

Enfermedad de Chagas en poblaciones prehistóricas del norte de Chile

Orellana-Halkyer

Arriaza-Torres

2010

Rev. chil. hist. nat.

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RESUMENLa enfermedad de Chagas es producida por el parásito Trypanosoma cruzi, el cual afecta tanto a seres humanos como a animales, en particular mamíferos marsupiales y placentarios. Las vías de transmisión son diversas, siendo una de las más importantes la vía vectorial, en la que participan insectos infectados con este parásito, animales y humanos. En este artículo de revisión discutimos los postulados sobre la vía de transmisión oral, los hallazgos de T. cruzi en momias de América y especialmente en las del norte de Chile. Presentamos además información que apunta a que la enfermedad de Chagas estuvo presente mucho antes de la conquista europea y de la construcción de viviendas de adobe. Comentamos las hipótesis sobre el vector domiciliado más importante de Sudamérica, Triatoma infestans, su antigüedad en la costa de Arica y los reportes más recientes de otros vectores silvestres. También se discute la información relacionada a la participación en el ciclo de T. cruzi de distintos mamíferos silvestres de Chile y asimismo proponemos el estudio paleoparasitológico en restos zooarqueológicos para conocer las especies de mamíferos reservorios de T. cruzi en la antigüedad.Palabras clave: enfermedad de Chagas, norte de Chile, triatominos, Trypanosoma cruzi, zooarqueología. ABSTRACTChagas diseases is produced by a parasite named Trypanosoma cruzi, that affects humans and other marsupial and placental mammals. Transmission routes are diverse, but the most important transmission is the vector route, which involves the triatomine insects, wild and domestic infected animals, and humans. Here we review the data about oral transmission route and the evidences of the etiological agent (Trypanosoma cruzi) of Chagas disease in pre-Columbian American mummies, making a critical review of the infection in northern Chile. Moreover, we comment on the hypotheses suggested in relation to the most important vector of the infection in South America Triatoma infestans, its antiquity in the Arica coast, and the recent reports about other wild infected vectors in this geographic area. The data presented along this document suggests that Chagas disease was present long before the european conquest and the construction of adobe houses in America. We also discuss the data about the involvement of wild Chilean mammals in the cycle of T. cruzi and propose that the paleoparasitologic study of zooarchaeological remains must be done in the future in order to identify ancient mammalian reservoirs of T. cruzi .

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Abundance of Mepraia spinolai in a Periurban Zone of Chile

Cited by 32 publications

References 7 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of Chagas Disease in the Wild Transmission Cycle: The Evaluation in the Sylvatic Vector Mepraia spinolai from an Endemic Area of Chile

Molecular Epidemiology of Chagas Disease in the Wild Transmission Cycle: The Evaluation in the Sylvatic Vector Mepraia spinolai from an Endemic Area of Chile

Feeding profile of Mepraia spinolai , a sylvatic vector of Chagas disease in Chile

Enfermedad de Chagas en poblaciones prehistóricas del norte de Chile

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