Aminotransferases activity in the hemolymph of Bradybaena similaris (Gastropoda, Xanthonychidae) under starvation

Pinheiro, Jairo; Gomes, Edna M.; Chagas, Generoso M.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762001000800022

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These alterations could lead to cell lysis, resulting in the release of a large quantity of proteins, mainly from cells of the digestive gland. This change was also observed by Pinheiro et al (2001), through an increase in the TGO levels in the hemolymph of Bradybaena similaris submitted to severe starvation. These alterations are in agreement with those recorded for the physiological response of mollusks to distress, such as starvation, estivation and infection with S. mansoni (Becker 1980(Becker , 1983.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Physiological changes in Biomphalaria glabrata say, 1818 (Pulmonata: Planorbidae) caused by sub-lethal concentrations of the latex of Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii N.E.B (Euphorbiaceae)

Mello-Silva

Vasconcellos

Pinheiro

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Molluscides have been used as one of the strategies to control schistosomiasis. Many plant extracts with molluscidal effects have been tested, but the action of the latex of Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii is considered the most promising because it meets the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). The objective of this study was to determine the lethal dose and identify the effects of the different doses of latex of E. splendens var.hislopii on the physiology of Biomphalaria glabrata submitted to treatment for 24 h. The concentrations of glucose, uric acid and total proteins in the hemolymph and of glycogen in the digestive gland and cephalopodal mass were determined. The LD 50 value was 1 mg/l. The highest escape index was found to be at a concentration of 0.6 mg/l. The results showed that the latex of E. splendens var. hislopii caused a sharp reduction in the reserves of glycogen in the digestive gland and elevation of the protein content in the hemolymph of B. glabrata. Key words: plant molluscide -Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii -Biomphalaria glabrataThe use of molluscides as one of the strategies to control schistosomiasis began in Brazil in 1976, with the creation of the Special Schistosomiasis Control Program by the National Health Foundation (Machado 1982). The product used in the program was niclosamide, an ethanolamine salt of 2',5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide, manufactured under the trade name Bayluscide  , whose efficacy had previously been established (Gonnert 1961). Application of this product caused biocidal action on non-target plants and animals (Andrews et al. 1983), besides causing genotoxicity and carcinogenic effects (Vega et al. 1988). The high cost (Pieri 1995), the possibility of recolonization of breeding grounds (Sarquis et al. 1997(Sarquis et al. , 1998, and the ecological toxicity of this product were limitations on its use as an official molluscide in government programs to control schistosomiasis.At the same time, various plants were tested as natural molluscides. Jurberg et al. (1989) (Mendes et al. 1984). Of these, E. splendens stands out for its molluscidal activity in doses under 0.5 mg/l, eight times smaller than the lethal dose for fish (Vasconcellos & Schall 1986).Some questions have arisen in the selection of plant molluscides, such as: toxicity, availability, annual growth, adaptability to different local conditions, and location of molluscidal activity in parts of the plant that easily regenerate, such as the leaves. To be eligible for use, a product must be storable and remain viable for at least one year; be physically and chemically stable; have ethnobotanical value; and be easy to extract and apply, preferably in aqueous extracts (Kloos & McCullough 1982). Considering all these criteria, in 1998 the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC, Fiocruz, RJ) obtained a biotechnology patent on a method to collect, extract and apply E. splendens var. hislopii latex as a molluscide (Vasconcellos 2000).In the published works on plants with molluscidal action and ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Physiological changes in Biomphalaria glabrata say, 1818 (Pulmonata: Planorbidae) caused by sub-lethal concentrations of the latex of Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii N.E.B (Euphorbiaceae)

Mello-Silva

Vasconcellos

Pinheiro

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…In spite of this, there are few studies on alterations of in lipids metabolism (Pinheiro and Amato, 1994;Pinheiro et al, 2001;Garcia and Pinheiro, 2007). Among the environmental factors that may influence the metabolism of snails, some authors have shown that the photoperiod exerts influence on sexual maturation, egg laying and carbohydrates metabolism, specially glycogen and galactogen (Wijsman, 1989;Dogterom et al, 1983;1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids analysis in hemolymph of African giant Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) exposed to different photoperiods

Lustrino

et al. 2010

Braz. J. Biol.

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The influence of different photophases (0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours) on the triglycerides and total cholesterol contents in the hemolymph of A. fulica was evaluated, since there is no information in the literature about the influence of this factor on lipids metabolism in mollusks. After 2 and 4 weeks of exposure the snails were dissected. The cholesterol content at the 2 nd and 4 th weeks post exposure only varied significantly in the groups exposed at 24 hours and 0 hour of photophase, respectively. Probably, such increase may be a result of a rise in cholesterol biosynthesis and/or remodelling of cell membranes. There were no significant differences among the content of triglycerides in the snails exposed to 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours of photophase during two weeks. The snails exposed to intermediate photophase (6 and 12 hours) had the triglycerides content increased, ranging over values near to those observed in the group exposed to 0 hour. Results showed that triglycerides metabolism in A. fulica are more influenced by photoperiod than cholesterol metabolism. A negative relation is maintained between the triglycerides content in the hemolymph and the different photophases, with lower mobilisation of triglycerides under shorter photophases.Keywords: Achatina fulica, cholesterol, photoperiod, triglycerides, snail. Análises dos lipídeos no gigante africano Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) expostos a diferentes fotoperíodos ResumoA influência de diferentes fotofases (0, 6, 12, 18 e 24 horas) sobre os conteúdos de triglicerídeos e de colesterol total na hemolinfa de A. fulica foi avaliada, uma vez que não há na literatura informações sobre a influência deste fator sobre o metabolismo de moluscos. Após 2 e 4 semanas de exposição, os moluscos foram dissecados. O conteúdo de colesterol até a 2 a e 4 a semanas pós exposição somente variou significativamente nos grupos expostos a 24 horas e 0 horas de fotofase, respectivamente. Provavelmente, tal aumento pode ser resultado de uma elevada biossíntese de colesterol e/ou remodelamento de membranas celulares. Não houve diferenças significativas entre o conteúdo de triglicerídeos nos moluscos expostos a 6, 12, 18 e 24 horas de fotofase até a segunda semana. Os moluscos expostos a fotofases intermediárias (6 e 12 horas) tiveram o conteúdo de triglicerídeos aumentados, levando seus valores próxi-mo àqueles observados para o grupo exposto a 0 hora de fotofase. Isto mostra que o metabolismo de triglicerídeos em A. fulica é mais influenciado pelo fotoperíodo do que o metabolismo de colesterol. Uma relação negativa é mantida entre o conteúdo de triglicerídeos na hemolinfa e as diferentes fotofases, com menor mobilização de triglicerídeos sob fotofases curtas.

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“…The metabolic alterations occurring in mollusks in response to the carbohydrate withdrawal by the larval trematodes have been previously shown (Mohamed and Ishak 1982;Becker 1980). Alterations in protein content and enzyme activities in the tissue and in the hemolymph have also been studied (Pinheiro et al 2001) as well as variations in nitrogenous end products of degradation (Meyer et al 1986). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological changes in Lymnaea columella (Say, 1817) (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in response to Echinostoma paraensei Lie and Basch, 1967 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) infection

Pinheiro

Júnior²,

Lanfredi

2009

Parasitol Res

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The physiological interaction between the digenean Echinostoma paraensei larvae and the intermediate snail host Lymnaea columella was studied. The carbohydrate content was significantly altered in the digestive gland tissue of snails, decreasing after 20 days postinfection. At the end of the prepatent period, the carbohydrate content was reduced by 60% when compared to uninfected snails. The total protein was reduced by 80.01% and 76.42% in the hemolymph and digestive gland, respectively. The end products resulting from nitrogen degradation were also analyzed. The urea was significantly increased in both the hemolymph and digestive gland. In the former, the highest concentration was detected at day 10 postinfection and then decreased until the end of the prepatent period. In digestive glands from infected snails, urea was significantly higher than in uninfected ones after 20 days. The uric acid content was reduced by 94.72% in the hemolymph and 43.75% in digestive glands after 10 days postinfection. The ammonia was undetectable under the experimental conditions employed.

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Aminotransferases activity in the hemolymph of Bradybaena similaris (Gastropoda, Xanthonychidae) under starvation

Abstract: Aminotransferases (GOT and GPT)

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Physiological changes in Biomphalaria glabrata say, 1818 (Pulmonata: Planorbidae) caused by sub-lethal concentrations of the latex of Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii N.E.B (Euphorbiaceae)

Physiological changes in Biomphalaria glabrata say, 1818 (Pulmonata: Planorbidae) caused by sub-lethal concentrations of the latex of Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii N.E.B (Euphorbiaceae)

Lipids analysis in hemolymph of African giant Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) exposed to different photoperiods

Physiological changes in Lymnaea columella (Say, 1817) (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in response to Echinostoma paraensei Lie and Basch, 1967 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) infection

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