Leucocytozoon toddi and Haemoproteus tinnunculi (Protozoa: Haemosporina) in the Chimango caracara (Milvago chimango) in southern Chile

Leucocytozoonosis

“…At the present time, it seems wise to use both molecular and traditional morphometric (microscopic) techniques to diagnose leucocytozoid species and investigate their phylogenetic relationships such as has been done by Sehgal et al (2006a) and Martinsen et al (2006). Greiner et al (1975), McClure et al (1978), White et al (1978), Peirce (1981), Valkiūnas (1987Valkiūnas ( , 1996, Bennett et al (1992a), andForrester et al (2001a). * There are no appropriate data on prevalence available for the Australian region.…”

High Prevalence of Leucocytozoon Parasites in Nestling Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) in the Northern Great Basin, U.S.A.

“…All nestling goshawks sampled in our study were infected with Leucocytozoon parasites. Although similarly high prevalence values for Leucocytozoon parasites have been reported in nestlings of other raptor species (90%, 100%; Forrester et al 2001, King et al 2010, prior studies on nestling goshawks have reported much lower values (18.8%, 53.6%: Toyne and Ashford 1997, Wieliczko et al 2003). Due to the dearth of research showing a high prevalence of Leucocytozoon parasites in goshawks, this population is of interest.…”

A reassessment on the state of knowledge of Chilean Falconidae in the last hundred years

“…Intestinal endoparasite fauna has been described for Milvago chimango (San Martín et al 2006), and included bacteria ( Haemoproteus tinnunculi (Wasielewski and Wilker 1918), Leucocytozoon toddi (Sambon 1908) (Protozoa: Haemosporine) (Forrester et al 2001)), and ectoparasites (new Ischnocera species (Insecta: Phthiraptera) (Mey and González-Acuña 2000), and Argas (persicargas) keiransi (Acari: Argasidae)) sampled from the neck (Estrada-Peña et al 2003). Escherichia coli (Migula 1985) has been identified as a cause of fatal meningoencephalitis in Milvago chimango (Seguel et al 2012).…”