Selection of Trypanosoma cruzi clonal genotypes (clonet 20 and 39) isolated from Bolivian triatomines following subculture in liquid medium

Bosseno, Marie-France; Yacsik, Nina; Vargas, Fernando; Brenière, Simone Frédérique

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762000000500002

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Our group verified that in mixed infections, interactions between populations of T. cruzi may occur, resulting in important changes in the biological characteristics of the parasite and the evolution of the infection (12,25,32). Moreover, the importance of mixed infections in the epidemiology of Chagas' disease (8,35) and the evidence that they may result in significant alterations in the host-parasite relationship motivated the studies on the efficacy of chemotherapy in dual infections. Therefore, the goal of the present investigation was to evaluate in BALB/c mice the impact of dual T. cruzi infections on chemotherapy effectiveness, compared with the respective single infections with stocks from distinct major T. cruzi genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…These findings may also represent a multifactorial phenomenon, and we cannot discount the possibility of parasite selection at the beginning of the infection, prior to the establishment of BZ treatment. Moreover, there is also the possibility of parasite selection during the isolation procedures and during in vitro growth before microsatellites characterization (8,13) or even the unavailability of blood to specific T. cruzi stocks sequestered in tissue sites (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existence of mixed infections in vertebrate and invertebrate hosts has been verified (8,35) and raises questions about their relevance to the epidemiology of Chagas' disease. At least in experimental mixed infections, important interactions between subpopulations of the mixtures resulted in changes in parasite biological properties (12,13,25,32).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Dual Infections on Chemotherapeutic Efficacy in BALB/c Mice Infected with Major Genotypes ofTrypanosoma cruzi

Martins

Silva

Valadares

et al. 2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The aim of this work was to investigate the impact of dual infections with stocks of Trypanosoma cruzi major genotypes on benznidazole (BZ) treatment efficacy. For this purpose, T. cruzi stocks representative of the genetic T. cruzi lineages, displaying different susceptibilities to BZ, belonging to the major T. cruzi genotypes broadly dispersed in North and South America and important in Chagas' disease epidemiology were used. Therapeutic efficacy was observed in 27.8% of the animals treated. Following BZ susceptibility classification, significant differences were observed in dual infections on the major genotype level, demonstrating that combinations of genotypes 19؉39 and genotypes 19؉32 led to a shift in the expected BZ susceptibility profile toward the resistance pattern. Analysis on the T. cruzi stock level demonstrated that 9 out of 24 dual infections shifted the expected BZ susceptibility profile compared with the respective single infections, including shifts toward lower and higher BZ susceptibilities. Microsatellite identification was able to identify a mixture of T. cruzi stocks in 7.7% of the T. cruzi isolates from infected and untreated mice (6.9%) and infected and treated but not cured mice (9.0%), revealing in some mixtures of BZ-susceptible and -resistant stocks that the T. cruzi stock identified after BZ treatment was previously susceptible in single infections. Considering the clonal structure and evolution of T. cruzi, an unexpected result was the identification of parasite subpopulations with distinct microsatellite alleles in relation to the original stocks observed in 12.2% of the isolates. Taken together, the data suggest that mixed infections, already verified in nature, may have an important impact on the efficacy of chemotherapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Dual Infections on Chemotherapeutic Efficacy in BALB/c Mice Infected with Major Genotypes ofTrypanosoma cruzi

Martins

Silva

Valadares

et al. 2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Similar problems were encountered with the dixenous species of medical importance (Dukes et al, 1991;Bosseno et al, 2000;Dey et al, 2002). Application of PCR-based techniques showed that mixed infection with up to four different salivarian trypanosomes in the same insect vector are possible (Stevens et al, 1994;Masiga et al, 1996;Jamonneau et al, 2004), and multiple cases of inter-and intraspecies mixed infections have also been reported in animals (Reifenberg et al, 1997;Jamonneau et al, 2004;Njiokou et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Selective recovery of the cultivation-prone components from mixed trypanosomatid infections: a case of several novel species isolated from Neotropical Heteroptera

Yurchenko

Lukeš

Jirků

et al. 2009

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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Mixed trypanosomatid infections (a simultaneous presence of two or more parasites in the same host) have long been suspected to represent an obstacle for recovering cultures that would faithfully represent original species descriptions. However, without the means to directly compare the parasites in the host and in culture, this would remain just a possibility. Here we have used PCR-based genotyping of spliced leader RNA gene repeats to analyse several novel species of insect trypanosomatids isolated from heteropteran hosts and to compare them with the parasites that had been detected in the gut smears of the same hosts. We have found that, whereas the original infections were dominated by some blastocrithidia-like parasites, most of the respective axenic cultures contained novel species of Crithidia and Leptomonas. Therefore, we concluded that, in each case, this replacement was caused by differences in cultivation properties between the original predominant blastocrithidia and the less fastidious parasite that was later recovered in culture. The properties of the new organisms, including their morphology and ultrastructure, as well as their phylogenetic affinities within the family, were investigated and used to describe five novel species.

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“…The same stocks were also analyzed by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, demonstrating a high degree of heterogeneity that was not related to geographic origin (12). Analysis of minicircle kDNA variability among Mexican stocks showed no correlation between the sequence homologies of the hypervariable region of minicircles and clustering (2), contrasting with results obtained for South American stocks (3,4).…”

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confidence: 86%

Predominance of Trypanosoma cruzi Lineage I in Mexico

et al. 2002

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Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) has emerged as an effective genetic marker for analysis of Trypanosoma cruzi population variability. This method has been used to study the genetic variability of Mexican T. cruzi stocks and to relate these results to previous classifications. High clonal diversity was observed among the Mexican populations: 24 RAPD types were scored among 56 stocks analyzed. Only two stocks (3.6%) belonged to the T. cruzi II lineage, while all others belonged to T. cruzi I. The robustness of these clusters was statistically highly significant. Mexican T. cruzi I stocks formed a homogeneous group with reduced genetic distances among its members. Parasites from this group were isolated from both domestic and sylvatic cycles over a broad geographic area in Mexico. The two Mexican stocks classified as T. cruzi II (isolated from sylvatic cycles) were of the same RAPD type, although they were not closely related to the three reference T. cruzi II stocks circulating in domestic cycles in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile. These stocks were also unrelated to the formerly named Zymodeme III.Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease, which is widely distributed in Latin America, shows considerable genetic polymorphism (14). Extensive studies carried out by using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis have demonstrated that natural populations of T. cruzi have a clonal structure (21), which has led to subdivision of the taxon into two major lineages, T. cruzi I and T. cruzi II (1,13,18,20). Each lineage is genetically heterogeneous, and despite failure to identify subdivisions within T. cruzi I, five subgroups of T. cruzi II have been proposed as discrete typing units (DTU) on the basis of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis (1, 5). These six DTU have been proposed as a reference framework for genetic variability and for biological characterization studies of T. cruzi stocks.A few studies have attempted to characterize Mexican T. cruzi stocks by genetic methods. Seventeen stocks were analyzed using HindIII restriction fragment length polymorphisms associated with rRNA gene spacers and kinetoplast DNA maxicircle polymorphisms (9,12,22). These studies identified two groups of Mexican stocks, which correlate with geographic origin, although assignment to a T. cruzi lineage was not possible. The same stocks were also analyzed by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, demonstrating a high degree of heterogeneity that was not related to geographic origin (12). Analysis of minicircle kDNA variability among Mexican stocks showed no correlation between the sequence homologies of the hypervariable region of minicircles and clustering (2), contrasting with results obtained for South American stocks (3, 4).In the present study, 56 Mexican stocks, isolated from diverse hosts and with diverse geographic origins, were analyzed by RAPD. Relevant phylogenetic analyses were used to assess population variability and structure, and to evaluate the taxonomic position of Mexican stocks and their corresp...

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Selection of Trypanosoma cruzi clonal genotypes (clonet 20 and 39) isolated from Bolivian triatomines following subculture in liquid medium

Abstract: Previous studies showed that two groups of

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of Dual Infections on Chemotherapeutic Efficacy in BALB/c Mice Infected with Major Genotypes ofTrypanosoma cruzi

Impact of Dual Infections on Chemotherapeutic Efficacy in BALB/c Mice Infected with Major Genotypes ofTrypanosoma cruzi

Selective recovery of the cultivation-prone components from mixed trypanosomatid infections: a case of several novel species isolated from Neotropical Heteroptera

Predominance of Trypanosoma cruzi Lineage I in Mexico

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