Genomic rearrangements in trypanosomatids: an alternative to the "one gene" evolutionary hypotheses?

Dujardin, JC; Henriksson, Jan; Victoir, Kathleen; Brisse, Sylvain; Gamboa, Dionicia; Arévalo, Jorge; Ray, D. Le

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762000000400015

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Similarly, this finding was observed with MLP (R 2 = -0.938) and the MLP for persons ≥ 40 years of age (R 2 = -0.960). By linking these observations to the theory of an Amazonian origin of TL 2 and other studies that that support this theory, 19,20,[31][32][33] we can speculate on the parasite-host coevolutionary mechanisms. Human populations in certain geographic areas may be more susceptible to Leishmania because of parasite introductions or reintroductions in more recent periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…If over time the interaction mechanisms of the parasite with hosts and vectors lead to decreased manifestation of the more severe clinical forms of the disease, as occurs with urban CL in the Middle East, humans already considered a source of infection are likely to become a reservoir of L. ( V. ) braziliensis . 2,31,35 However, evidence that humans may be reservoirs of L. ( V. ) braziliensis is still limited to xenodiagnosis of Phlebotominae on the borders of skin lesions. 34 Our findings show the need for further research to elucidate factors that modify clinical manifestations of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endemic Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Brazil: Correlation between Level of Endemicity and Number of Cases of Mucosal Disease

Bedoya-Pacheco¹,

Araújo-Melo²,

Valete‐Rosalino³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The purpose of this study was to establish a correlation between the endemic level of tegumentary leishmaniasis in different regions of Brazil during 2002–2009 and the number of cases of mucosal or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. The proportion of mucosal leishmaniasis was inversely correlated with prevalence of infection. In areas with a lower infection prevalence, the proportion of mucosal leishmaniasis increased (P < 0.05). The hypothesis of an Amazonian origin and dissemination through human migration is considered. Our results show that in regions with lower prevalence and endemically younger, the proportion of cases that evolve to the mucosal form is higher than in regions with higher prevalence and endemically older.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endemic Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Brazil: Correlation between Level of Endemicity and Number of Cases of Mucosal Disease

Bedoya-Pacheco¹,

Araújo-Melo²,

Valete‐Rosalino³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Once, the Leishmania -like parasites of reptiles were recognized as a separate genus L. ( Sauroleishmania ) [5,6]. But the classification of lizard Leishmania as subgenus L .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the absolute chromosomal size difference index (aCSDI) analysis of as many as 31 “conserved” chromosomes, subgenera L . ( Leishmania ) is divided into clusters: (1) Old world representatives of subgenus Leishmania (OWL), and (2) New world representatives of subgenus Leishmania (NWL) and subgenus Viannia (NWV) [6]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data pertaining to the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences–in particular, the two non-coding, highly variable internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2) are considered to be acceptable molecular criteria for resolving taxonomic questions and determining the phylogenetic affinities among closely related Leishmania species [17,21-25]. While coding genes are also wildly used for taxonomic studies, such as metabolic enzymes (ICD, ME, MPI, G6PDH, ASAT, GPI, NH1, NH2, PGD and FH) [26,27], heat-shock protein 70 gene (hsp70) [4], cytochrome oxidase II (CO II) [28], the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpoIILS) [6,8], the glycoprotein 63 gene ( gp 63) [29], cysteine protease B genes ( cpb ) [30] and cytochrome b (cyt b ) [31-35]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of kinetoplast cytochrome b gene of 16 Leishmania isolates from different foci of China: different species of Leishmania in China and their phylogenetic inference

Yang

Chen

et al. 2013

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundLeishmania species belong to the family Trypanosomatidae and cause leishmaniasis, a geographically widespread disease that infects humans and other vertebrates. This disease remains endemic in China. Due to the large geographic area and complex ecological environment, the taxonomic position and phylogenetic relationship of Chinese Leishmania isolates remain uncertain. A recent internal transcribed spacer 1 and cytochrome oxidase II phylogeny of Chinese Leishmania isolates has challenged some aspects of their traditional taxonomy as well as cladistics hypotheses of their phylogeny. The current study was designed to provide further disease background and sequence analysis.MethodsWe systematically analyzed 50 cytochrome b (cyt b) gene sequences of 19 isolates (16 from China, 3 from other countries) sequenced after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a special primer for cyt b as well as 31 sequences downloaded from GenBank. After alignment, the data were analyzed using the maximum parsimony, Bayesian and netwok methods.ResultsSequences of six haplotypes representing 10 Chinese isolates formed a monophyletic group and clustered with Leishmania tarentolae. The isolates GS1, GS7, XJ771 of this study from China clustered with other isolates of Leishmania donovani complex. The isolate JS1 was a sister to Leishmania tropica, which represented an L. tropica complex instead of clustering with L. donovani complex or with the other 10 Chinese isolates. The isolates KXG-2 and GS-GER20 formed a monophyletic group with Leishmania turanica from central Asia. In the different phylogenetic trees, all of the Chinese isolates occurred in at least four groups regardless of geographic distribution.ConclusionsThe undescribed Leishmania species of China, which are clearly causative agents of canine leishmaniasis and human visceral leishmaniasis and are related to Sauroleishmania, may have evolved from a common ancestral parasite that came from the Americas and may have split off earlier than the other old world Leishmania. Our results also suggest the following: the isolates GS7, GS1 and XJ771 occur as part of the L. donovani complex; the JS1 isolate is L. tropica; and the isolate GS-GER20 identified as Leishmania gerbilli is close to KXG-2 which is L. turanica.

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Genetic Diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi

Fernandes

Zingales

2003

World Class Parasites

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Genomic rearrangements in trypanosomatids: an alternative to the "one gene" evolutionary hypotheses?

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

Endemic Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Brazil: Correlation between Level of Endemicity and Number of Cases of Mucosal Disease

Endemic Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Brazil: Correlation between Level of Endemicity and Number of Cases of Mucosal Disease

Analysis of kinetoplast cytochrome b gene of 16 Leishmania isolates from different foci of China: different species of Leishmania in China and their phylogenetic inference

Genetic Diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi

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