Fatty Acid and Sterol Composition of Three Phytomonas Species

Nakamura, Celso Vataru; Waldow, Luciana; Pelegrinello, Sandra Regina; Filho, Benício Alves de Abreu; Filho, Benedito Prado Dias

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761999000400017

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…This is notable because the presence of a more susceptible group (including T. cruzi) can indicate evolutionary differences among trypanosomatids. Another interesting point is that T. cruzi is usually grown on medium that contain sterols (LIT), but trypanosomatids from insects and plants are not; this make sterols more abundant in T. cruzi than in the other isolates tested (Nakamura et al, 1999;Rodrigues et al, 2001), which makes T. cruzi susceptible to tomatine. However, at the αtomatine concentration of 10 -3 M, all isolates showed very high mortality rates (> 90%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Behavior of α-tomatine and tomatidine against several genera of trypanosomatids from insects and plants and <i>Trypanosoma cruzi

Evangelista

Kavati

Jankevicius

et al. 2018

Acta Sci. Biol. Sci.

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Glycoalkaloids are important secondary metabolites accumulated by plants as protection against pathogens. One of them, α-tomatine, is found in high concentrations in green tomato fruits, while in the ripe fruits, its aglycone form, tomatidine, does not present a protective effect, and it is usual to find parasites of tomatoes like Phytomonas serpens in these ripe fruits. To investigate the sensitivity of trypanosomatids to the action of α-tomatine, we used logarithmic growth phase culture of 20 trypanosomatids from insects and plants and Trypanosoma cruzi. The lethal dose 50% (LD50) was determined by mixing 10 7 cells of the different isolates with α-tomatine at concentrations ranging from 10-3 to 10-8 M for 30 min at room temperature. The same tests performed with the tomatidine as a control showed no detectable toxicity against the same trypanosomatid cultures. The tests involved determination of the percentage (%) survival of the protozoan cultures in a Neubauer chamber using optical microscopy. The LD50 values varied from 10-4 to 10-6 M α-tomatine. Slight differences were detected among the LD50 values of the analyzed samples, and none of them showed evidence of resistance to the action of tomatinase, as shown by some pathogenic fungi.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Behavior of α-tomatine and tomatidine against several genera of trypanosomatids from insects and plants and <i>Trypanosoma cruzi

Evangelista

Kavati

Jankevicius

et al. 2018

Acta Sci. Biol. Sci.

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“…In contrast, tomatidine inhibited the growth of P. serpens and caused important morphological and sterol level alterations instead of membrane leakage. Nakamura et al (1999) determined that ergosterol is the main sterol component in Phytomonas . We did not detect this sterol in our cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of growth inhibition of Phytomonas serpens by the alkaloids tomatine and tomatidine

Medina¹,

Rodrigues

Moreira

et al. 2015

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Phytomonas serpens are flagellates in the family Trypanosomatidae that parasitise the tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.), which results in fruits with low commercial value. The tomato glycoalkaloid tomatine and its aglycone tomatidine inhibit the growth of P. serpens in axenic cultures. Tomatine, like many other saponins, induces permeabilisation of the cell membrane and a loss of cell content, including the cytosolic enzyme pyruvate kinase. In contrast, tomatidine does not cause permeabilisation of membranes, but instead provokes morphological changes, including vacuolisation. Phytomonas treated with tomatidine show an increased accumulation of labelled neutral lipids (BODYPY-palmitic), a notable decrease in the amount of C24-alkylated sterols and an increase in zymosterol content. These results are consistent with the inhibition of 24-sterol methyltransferase (SMT), which is an important enzyme that is responsible for the methylation of sterols at the 24 position. We propose that the main target of tomatidine is the sterols biosynthetic pathway, specifically, inhibition of the 24-SMT. Altogether, the results obtained in the present paper suggest a more general effect of alkaloids in trypanosomatids, which opens potential therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of the diseases caused by these pathogens.

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“…We have demonstrated before that cultivation of T. cruzi in culture medium rich in cholesterol, such as the Warren's medium used in this work, increases the cholesterol content of their mitochondria and makes them more sensitive to digitonin permeabilization (Rodrigues et al 2001). In this regard, it has been reported that when P. francai is cultivated in a complex medium, cholesterol is their only sterol detected (Nakamura et al 1999). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P‐type Proton ATPases are Involved in Intracellular Calcium and Proton Uptake in the Plant Parasite Phytomonas francai

Miranda

Vercesi

Catisti

et al. 2005

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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The use of digitonin to permeabilize the plasma membrane of promastigotes of Phytomonas francai allowed the identification of two non-mitochondrial Ca(2+) compartments; one sensitive to ionomycin and vanadate (neutral or alkaline), possibly the endoplasmic reticulum, and another sensitive to the combination of nigericin plus ionomycin (acidic), possibly the acidocalcisomes. A P-type (phospho-intermediate form) Ca(2+)-ATPase activity was found to be responsible for intracellular Ca(2+) transport in these cells, with no evidence of a mitochondrial Ca(2+) transport activity. ATP-driven acidification of internal compartments in cell lysates and cells mechanically permeabilized was assayed spectrophotometrically with acridine orange. This activity was inhibited by low concentrations of vanadate and digitonin, was insensitive to bafilomycin A(1), and stimulated by Na(+) ions. Taken together, our results indicate that P-type ATPases are involved in intracellular Ca(2+) and H(+) transport in promastigotes of P. francai.

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Fatty Acid and Sterol Composition of Three Phytomonas Species

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

<b>Behavior of α-tomatine and tomatidine against several genera of trypanosomatids from insects and plants and <i>Trypanosoma cruzi

<b>Behavior of α-tomatine and tomatidine against several genera of trypanosomatids from insects and plants and <i>Trypanosoma cruzi

Mechanisms of growth inhibition of Phytomonas serpens by the alkaloids tomatine and tomatidine

P‐type Proton ATPases are Involved in Intracellular Calcium and Proton Uptake in the Plant Parasite Phytomonas francai

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