Cytokine Profile and Natural Killer Activity among Brazilian HIV-1-Infected Subjects

Duarte, Alberto J. S.; Hong, Marisa Ailin; Camargo, L. S.; Nunes, Danilo Ferreira; Carvalho, A.; Sato, Maria Notomi; Benard, Gil; Brígido, L F; Casseb, Jorge Sr

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761998000300024

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The increment supports a finding of sustained rise in IFN-gamma after the commencement HAART [33]. The depressed immune system caused by low CD4 + T cells numbers and rapid stimulation of the secretion of IFN-γ by HIV itself may contribute to cause the increased IFN-γ levels [34]. This result is in contrary to that observed by [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Anaemia and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Enumah¹,

Nwauche²,

Okerengwo³

2016

IJI

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Abstract:Anaemia is often seen in HIV infected individuals and cytokines imbalance have been reported to cause haematopoietic stem cells suppression in the bone marrow. This case control study was carried out to determine any possible correlation between haemoglobin and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the development of anaemia in people living with HIV. 54 HIV infected and 34 apparently healthy HIV uninfected individuals were enrolled in this study. Full blood count and levels of three pro-inflammatory cytokines [(IL-α (interleukin-1 alpha), TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor-alpha) and IFN-γ (interferon-gamma)] were determined using MindrayBC-6800 automated Haematology analyser and Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits (Aviva system Biology, San Diego, CA, USA) respectively. The results obtained showed that prevalence of anaemia was 40.7% in HIV infected subjects, with higher prevalence in females (54.5%) than in males (19.0%). The difference in the mean concentrations of haemoglobin, red blood cell, packed cell volume, IL-α and TNF-α was statistically significant (p<0.05) while white blood cell counts and IFN-γ were not statistically significant (p>0.05) when compared to the control group. Though, there was a higher level of IFN-γ in HIV infected group than in the control group. There were weak correlations between haematological parameters and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the HIV positive group. HIV subjects were later divided into treatment groups: those on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) -ZidovudineLamuvidine-Nevirapine (ZLN) combination, Tenofovir-Lamuvidine-Efavirenz (TLE) combination and those that are not on HAART-treatment naïve patients (TNP). There were statistically significant differences in the mean concentrations of red blood cell and white blood cell across the TLE and TNP groups (p<0.05). There were positive correlations between IFN-γ and HB in TLE group but negative correlations in other two groups. Also, there were positive correlations between IFN-γ and WBC in ZLN group but negative correlations in other two groups. This study suggests that the dysregulated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels caused by HIV itself played a role in causing anaemia in HIV infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Anaemia and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Enumah¹,

Nwauche²,

Okerengwo³

2016

IJI

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“…However, the results are conflicting: some authors describe a Th1-Th2 dichotomy with diminished levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ and elevated IL-4 and IL-10, as the disease proceeds [143, 156], while others do not [157, 158]. Nevertheless, these authors describe a decrease in IL-2 and IFN-γ production in parallel with the fall in CD4+ TL counts.…”

Section: Cytokines and Nk Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is Going on with Natural Killer Cells in HIV Infection?

Dines

Rumjanek²,

Persechini³

2004

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Natural killer (NK) cells represent 10–15% of circulating lymphocytes and are important mediators of both natural and adaptive immunity. They participate in immune surveillance against malignancies and virus infection and are involved in the complex immune responses of transplantation, autoimmune diseases and immunosuppression. They can also mediate physiological regulation of hematopoiesis, homeostasis of reproduction and placentation. In recent years new advances have been achieved in understanding the mechanisms whereby NK cells exert their cytotoxic and regulatory roles. Here, we review the physiology of NK cells with special attention to its role in HIV infection.

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Cytokine Profile and Natural Killer Activity among Brazilian HIV-1-Infected Subjects

Cited by 2 publications

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Anaemia and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Anaemia and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

What Is Going on with Natural Killer Cells in HIV Infection?

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