Strongyloides stercoralis and other Enteroparasites in Children at Uberlândia City, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract

To evaluate the rate of infection by Strongyloides stercoralis and other enteroparasites a survey was conducted in the city of Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 900 stool samples from 300 children aging from four months to seven years, randomly selected in ten nursery schools from September 1994 to December 1995 The occurrence of S. stercoralis in children aged from 0-14 years in some Brazilian states is summarized in Table I.This study aimed at surveying the prevalence of S. stercoralis and other enteroparasites in nursing school children aging from four months to seven years, in Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from September 1994 to December 1995. MATERIALS AND METHODSIn 1994 Uberlândia had 49 nursery schools, from these ten were taken at random. The size of the sample was calculated according to the formula: n = Z 2 x P x Q/d² (Rodrigues 1986) considering (Z) of 95%; (d) of 5%; (P) of 10%, obtained in a pilot study in three nursery schools, and a non-observed value (Q) of 90%; with the size of the sample (n) evaluated at 138 persons. This sample was amplified and 300 children were selected at random, 30 at each of the pre-determined school; these children were later identified according to sex and Three fecal samples from each child were collected in plastic vials without preservatives with intervals of four to six days. The samples were stored in boxes with ice and analyzed at the Laboratory of Parasitology of the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia by the methods of Baermann and Moraes (BM) (Baermann 1917, Moraes 1948 and Lutz (Lutz 1919). For more adequate reading of the slides the larvae were fixed using 0.2 ml of a 10% solution of formalin applied to the residue of the first method. Five slides were prepared for the BM analysis and six for the Lutz analysis for each of the 900 samples. The total number of slides examination was thus 9900.All the families of the children received the results of the laboratory diagnosis. The positive cases were referred to the Pediatric Polyclinic, where they received specific treatment.The data were processed using the analysis of variance (Anova) and the Students' t according to Malleta (1992). RESULTSS. stercoralis infection -From the 300 children studied 39 (13%) were infected with larvae of S. stercoralis in one of the three periods sampled. Of these cases, 28 cases were detected only by BM method (71.8%), nine of them only by the Lutz' method (23.1%) and two by both methods (5.1%). These differences were statistically significant by Anova, GL 2 and 6. Of these 39 cases nine (23%)

Epidemiological aspects of strongyloidiasis in Brazil

“…The variety of techniques may be noted, but most studies have used techniques suitable for the detection of larval helminths since the suspicion of infection by S. stercoralis could be mentioned in the population studied. The average et al (1994); Gennari-Cardoso et al (1996); Ferreira and Marçal Jr (1997); Machado and Costa-Cruz (1998); Rocha et al (2000); Ribeiro and Marçal Júnior (2003); Barbosa et al (2005) occurrence was 11•8% using parasitological diagnostic methods. In 4 studies of immunosuppression using parasitological and immunological diagnosis it was found that the mean occurrence increased from 7•1% to 19•5% respectively (Paula et al 2000;Schaffel et al 2001;Mendonça et al 2006;Machado et al 2008d), emphasizing the usefulness of serological methods as a tool for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis, especially when the question involved is immunosuppression.…”

Frequência De Parasitos Intestinais E Comensais Em Catadores De Lixo De Duas Cooperativas No Distrito Federal, Brasil

“…The sample size (n=75) was calculated on the basis of the study of Machado & Costa Cruz (1998). A total of 75 SWPs aged above 18 years participated in the study (29 from RECICLO and 46 from APCORB).…”

“…The procedures for the preparation of the microscope slides and diagnosis were performed as described in the literature (Machado & Costa Cruz, 1998;Santos et al, 2014). The detection of intestinal helminths or protozoa in the samples by at least one method was considered for the individual diagnosis.…”

Anticorpos IgY anti-Strongyloides venezuelensis: produção, caracterização e aplicação no imunodiagnóstico da estrongiloidiase humana

“…A obtenção da quantidade necessária de larvas filarioides de S. stercoralis para a produção de extratos antigênicos a serem utilizados nos métodos imunológicos, é de grande dificuldade. Dessa forma, tornou-se conveniente a utilização de antígenos heterólogos provenientes das espécies S. venezuelensis e S. ratti, que se mostraram compatíveis em relação à composição antigênica (COSTA-CRUZ et al, 1998;MACHADO et al, 2001). (VERGOTE et al, 2009;COSTA et al, 2014;RAHBARNIA et al, 2017).…”