Ultrastructure of Endogenous Stages of Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae Yakimoff &amp; Rastegaieff, 1930 Emend. Levine, 1961 in Experimentally Infected Goat

Vieira, L. S.; Lima, J. D.; Ribeiro, Múcio Flávio Barbosa; Bozzi, Ivete A.; Camargos, Elizabeth R.S.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761997000400017

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Apart from its apicomplexan-like reproductive and infective stages, much of the Nephromyces life cycle bears little resemblance to typical apicomplexan life histories. The presence of conspicuously flagellated stages is unusual among apicomplexa, although biflagellate microgametes, resembling somewhat the biflagellate stages of Nephromyces, are found among some coccidians (6,11,21,(27)(28)(29). In contrast to coccidia and piroplasmida (but similar in some respects to gregarines), almost the entire life cycle of Nephromyces takes place in an extracellular environment (6,11).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephromyces, a beneficial apicomplexan symbiont in marine animals

Saffo

McCoy

Rieken

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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With malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.), Toxoplasma, and many other species of medical and veterinary importance its iconic representatives, the protistan phylum Apicomplexa has long been defined as a group composed entirely of parasites and pathogens. We present here a report of a beneficial apicomplexan: the mutualistic marine endosymbiont Nephromyces. For more than a century, the peculiar structural and developmental features of Nephromyces, and its unusual habitat, have thwarted characterization of the phylogenetic affinities of this eukaryotic microbe. Using short-subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequences as key evidence, with sequence identity confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we show that Nephromyces, originally classified as a chytrid fungus, is actually an apicomplexan. Inferences from rDNA data are further supported by the several apicomplexan-like structural features in Nephromyces, including especially the strong resemblance of Nephromyces infective stages to apicomplexan sporozoites. The striking emergence of the mutualistic Nephromyces from a quintessentially parasitic clade accentuates the promise of this organism, and the three-partner symbiosis of which it is a part, as a model for probing the factors underlying the evolution of mutualism, pathogenicity, and infectious disease.symbiosis | mutualism | parasitism | protist phylogeny | molgulid tunicate

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