Inexpensive Alternative Material for the Isolation of Larvae with the Baermann Method

Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos; Medeiros, Eduardo Alexandrino; Zaniní, Graziela Maria; Brasil, C. A. A.; Cardozo, B. L.; Dalpiaz, M. G.; Bisol, L. W.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761997000300017

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In a study conducted in China comparing DS, an ether concentration technique (ECT), Kato-Katz, Koga agar plate method and Baermann method, the best sensitivity was obtained with the Baermann method (all cases were detected by this method) and both ECT and DS failed to identified even a single case [37]. This technique is labor intensive and it is not usually available in clinical parasitology laboratories but there have been several attempts to reduce the cost and to simplify the technique through slight modifications of the Baermann procedure [38], [39], [40]. Another drawback of the technique is that it requires freshly and non-refrigerated stool samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Laboratory Diagnosis and Follow Up of Strongyloidiasis: A Systematic Review

et al. 2013

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BackgroundStrongyloidiasis is frequently under diagnosed since many infections remain asymptomatic and conventional diagnostic tests based on parasitological examination are not sufficiently sensitive. Serology is useful but is still only available in reference laboratories. The need for improved diagnostic tests in terms of sensitivity and specificity is clear, particularly in immunocompromised patients or candidates to immunosuppressive treatments. This review aims to evaluate both conventional and novel techniques for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis as well as available cure markers for this parasitic infection.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe search strategy was based on the data-base sources MEDLINE, Cochrane Library Register for systematic review, EmBase, Global Health and LILACS and was limited in the search string to articles published from 1960 to August 2012 and to English, Spanish, French, Portuguese and German languages. Case reports, case series and animal studies were excluded. 2003 potentially relevant citations were selected for retrieval, of which 1649 were selected for review of the abstract. 143 were eligible for final inclusion.ConclusionsSensitivity of microscopic-based techniques is not good enough, particularly in chronic infections. Furthermore, techniques such as Baermann or agar plate culture are cumbersome and time-consuming and several specimens should be collected on different days to improve the detection rate. Serology is a useful tool but it might overestimate the prevalence of disease due to cross-reactivity with other nematode infections and its difficulty distinguishing recent from past (and cured) infections. To evaluate treatment efficacy is still a major concern because direct parasitological methods might overestimate it and the serology has not yet been well evaluated; even if there is a decline in antibody titres after treatment, it is slow and it needs to be done at 6 to 12 months after treatment which can cause a substantial loss to follow-up in a clinical trial.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Laboratory Diagnosis and Follow Up of Strongyloidiasis: A Systematic Review

et al. 2013

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“…Soil samples were also collected at 30, 60 and 180 d after transplanting (DAT). Second-stage juveniles of M. incognita were extracted from a subsample of soil (200 g) by the Baermann funnel method [24] and counted under a stereoscopic microscope. At 30, 60 and 180 DAT, 10 plants from each plot were uprooted, and the soil adhering to the roots was removed by gentle agitation in water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy Evaluation of Fungus Syncephalastrum racemosum and Nematicide Avermectin against the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita on Cucumber

et al. 2014

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The root-knot nematode (RKN) is one of the most damaging agricultural pests.Effective biological control is need for controlling this destructive pathogen in organic farming system. During October 2010 to 2011, the nematicidal effects of the Syncephalastrum racemosum fungus and the nematicide, avermectin, alone or combined were tested against the RKN (Meloidogyne incognita) on cucumber under pot and field condition in China. Under pot conditions, the application of S. racemosum alone or combined with avermectin significantly increased the plant vigor index by 31.4% and 10.9%, respectively compared to the M. incognita-inoculated control. However, treatment with avermectin alone did not significantly affect the plant vigor index. All treatments reduced the number of root galls and juvenile nematodes compared to the untreated control. Under greenhouse conditions, all treatments reduced the disease severity and enhanced fruit yield compared to the untreated control. Fewer nematodes infecting plant roots were observed after treatment with avermectin alone, S. racemosum alone or their combination compared to the M. incognita-inoculated control. Among all the treatments, application of avermectin or S. racemosum combined with avermectin was more effective than the S. racemosum treatment. Our results showed that application of S. racemosum combined with avermectin not only reduced the nematode number and plant disease severity but also enhanced plant vigor and yield. The results indicated that the combination of S. racemosum with avermectin could be an effective biological component in integrated management of RKN on cucumber.

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“…The infected B. glabrata specimens were minced and artificially digested in a 0.7% hydrogen chloride solution for 2 h at 37ºC ( Wallace & Rosen 1969 ). The digested samples were placed in a Baermman apparatus to recover L3 larvae by the Baermman-Moraes technique ( Graeff-Teixeira et al 1997) . The recovered material was centrifuged for 10 min at 1,512 g and examined under a stereoscopic microscope (Zeiss MC80DX, Stemi SV6) to detect and count L3 larvae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brazilian Angiostrongylus cantonensis haplotypes, ac8 and ac9, have two different biological and morphological profiles

Monte

Gentile

Garcia

et al. 2014

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the etiologic agent of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans. Cases have been recorded in many parts of the world, including Brazil. The aim of this study was to compare the differences in the biology and morphology of two different Brazilian haplotypes of A. : ac8 and ac9. A significantly larger number of L1 larvae eliminated in the faeces of rodents at the beginning of the patent period was observed for ac9 haplotype and compared to the total of L1 larvae eliminated, there was a significant difference between the two haplotypes. The ac9 haplotype showed a significant difference in the proportion of female and male specimens (0.6:1), but the same was not observed for ac8 (1.2:1). The morphometric analysis showed that male and female specimens isolated from ac8 haplotype were significantly larger with respect to body length, oesophagus length, spicule length (male) and distance from the anus to the rear end (female) compared to specimens from ac9. The morphological analysis by light microscopy showed little variation in the level of bifurcations at the lateral rays in the right lobe of the copulatory bursa between the two haplotypes. The biological, morphological and morphometric variations observed between the two haplotypes agree with the observed variation at the molecular level using the cytochrome oxidase subunit I marker and reinforce the possible influence of geographical isolation on the development of these haplotypes.

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Inexpensive Alternative Material for the Isolation of Larvae with the Baermann Method

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

The Laboratory Diagnosis and Follow Up of Strongyloidiasis: A Systematic Review

The Laboratory Diagnosis and Follow Up of Strongyloidiasis: A Systematic Review

Efficacy Evaluation of Fungus Syncephalastrum racemosum and Nematicide Avermectin against the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita on Cucumber

Brazilian Angiostrongylus cantonensis haplotypes, ac8 and ac9, have two different biological and morphological profiles

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