Polymorphism of the pedictive antigenic sites on the V3 loop of Brazilian HIV-1 subtype B strains

Morgado, Mariza G.; Guimarães, Monick Lindenmeyer; Gripp, C. B. G.; Neves, Ivan; Costa, Catia Ines; Santos, Valdiléa Gonçalves Veloso dos; Linhares-De-Carvalho, M. I.; Galvão–Castro, Bernardo; Bongertz, Vera

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761996000300015

Cited by 9 publications

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“…Although several HIV subtypes have been described in the world, [41] subtype B is the major subtype circulating in America, [42] including Brazil. [15] This HIV subtype contains the GPG motif in the tip of the V3 loop. The HIV subtype B variant B’ has been reported in Brazil, which shows the GWG motif in the tip of the V3 loop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of the HIV GWG variant in the HIV infection progression in mono and HCV coinfected patients

Hebeler-Barbosa

Massolini²,

Watanabe

et al. 2019

Medicine

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The HIV subtype B is the most frequent in Brazil. The HIV subtype B’ codes the amino acids glicine-tryptophan-glicine (GWG) instead of glicine-proline-glicine on the tip of gp120 V3 loop. This variant was associated to a slower HIV progression in mono-infected patients; however, there is no information in coinfected patients. This study evaluated the infection progression of HIV variant B’ on the hepatitis C virus presence. RNA isolated from plasma of the 601 infected patients were used to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) subtyping and to classify the virus according their syncytium-inducing ability. The HIV infection progression was evaluated by clinical and laboratorial data. The results showed a significant association between HIV B’ variant and CD4 count and time of AIDS in HIV mono-infected patients. Notwithstanding the fact that we did not find a direct association between GWG variant and AIDS and in HIV coinfected patients no mitigating effect due to GWG presence was found. We did observe that the association between GWG variant and CD4 counts is lost in coinfected patients. This is first work showing influence of the HIV GWG variant in coinfected patients. Nevertheless, the presence of the GWG variant can indicate a better prognostic in the mono-infected patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, a HIV-1 subtype B variant (named B’) has been described in Brazil, in which the proline is substituted for a tryptophan in the V3 loop tip, creating a glicine-tryptophan-glicine (GWG) motif. [13–15]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the HIV GWG variant in the HIV infection progression in mono and HCV coinfected patients

Hebeler-Barbosa

Massolini²,

Watanabe

et al. 2019

Medicine

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“…In accordance with previous observations, GPGR motifs prevailed in subtype B, while the GPGQ motif was predominant among Cuban recombinants. [31,32] The GPGR motif is a very important target of neutralizing antibodies in subtype B viruses, so its difference with other subtypes should be considered for assessing monoclonal antibodies and peptide vaccine design.…”

Section: Original Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtype-Dependent Co-receptor Tropism in Cuban HIV-1–Infected Patients: Implications for Maraviroc Treatment

Martínez-Montesinos¹,

Kourí-Cordellá²,

Pérez-Santos³

et al. 2021

MEDICC Review

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INTRODUCTION Unlike most high-income countries where subtype B viruses predominate, the Cuban HIV-1 epidemic is characterized by a great diversity of subtypes and circulating recombinant forms. Some studies have shown that HIV variants exhibiting a preference for the CXCR4 co-receptor (X4-tropic) could have impacts on disease pathogenesis, with clinical implications for antiviral treatment plans. Determination of HIV co-receptor tropism is crucial for clinicians in deciding whether maraviroc is an appropriate antiviral.OBJECTIVE Characterize V3 sequence variability and its relation to viral tropism across different subtypes circulating in Cuba and explore how this may affect treatment success with maraviroc.METHODS We designed a cross-sectional study that included 72 plasma samples obtained at the Pedro Kourí Tropical Medicine Institute in Havana, Cuba. We sequenced the C2V3 env region and assessed subtype based both on env and pol sequences; tropism was predicted by Geno2pheno analysis.Additionally, 35 V3-loop Cuban sequences, obtained from a previous study, were incorporated into the analysis. Statistical associations among virological, clinical and epidemiological variables were assessed by a chi-square test. RESULTSTropism prediction for 72 variants revealed that CRF19_cpx was associated with dual-tropic R5X4 viruses (p = 0.034). Moreover, when 35 sequences from a former study were added, the association was signifi cant not only for R5X4 (p = 0.019) but also for X4-tropic variants (p = 0.044). Alignment of 107 V3-loop sequences showed wide diversity among the different HIV-1 subtypes circulating in Cuba. CONCLUSIONSIn accordance with G2P, CRF19_cpx is a genetic variant with a high proportion of X4 and R5X4-tropic viruses. The results from the present study suggest that the Cuban recombinant could be a more pathogenic variant and that maraviroc may not be suitable for patients infected with CRF19_cpx.

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“…One explanation is that the betaturn structure at the V3 loop of GPGR is lost in the GWGR motif (18). In fact, testing for avidity antibodies against the V3 loop showed a higher avidity index in B"-GWGR patients and also a lower number of AIDS clinical events among these patients (9,19,20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques used to identify the Brazilian variant of HIV-1 subtype B

Komninakis¹,

Fukumori²,

Alcalde³

et al. 2007

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The purpose of the present study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of V3 enzyme immunoassay (solid phase EIA and EIA inhibition) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with the DNA sequencing "gold standard" to identify the Brazilian HIV-1 variants of subtype B and B"-GWGR. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 61 HIV-1-infected individuals attending a clinic in São Paulo. Proviral DNA was amplified and sequentially cleaved with the Fok I restriction enzyme. Plasma samples were submitted to a V3-loop biotinylated synthetic peptide EIA. Direct partial DNA sequencing of the env gene was performed on all samples. Based on EIA results, the sensitivity for detecting B-GPGR was 70%, compared to 64% for the Brazilian variant B"-GWGR while, the specificity of B-GPGR detection was 85%, compared to 88% for GWGR. The assessment of RFLP revealed 68% sensitivity and 94% specificity for the B-GPGR strain compared to 84 and 90% for the B"-GWGR variant. Moreover, direct DNA sequencing was able to detect different base sequences corresponding to amino acid sequences at the tip of the V3 loop in 22 patients. These results show a similar performance of V3 serology and RLFP in identifying the Brazilian variant GWGR. However, V3 peptide serology may give indeterminate results. Therefore, we suggest that V3 serology be used instead of DNA sequencing where resources are limited. Samples giving indeterminate results by V3 peptide serology should be analyzed by direct DNA sequencing to distinguish between B-GPGR and the Brazilian variant B"-GWGR.

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Polymorphism of the pedictive antigenic sites on the V3 loop of Brazilian HIV-1 subtype B strains

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of the HIV GWG variant in the HIV infection progression in mono and HCV coinfected patients

Influence of the HIV GWG variant in the HIV infection progression in mono and HCV coinfected patients

Subtype-Dependent Co-receptor Tropism in Cuban HIV-1–Infected Patients: Implications for Maraviroc Treatment

Techniques used to identify the Brazilian variant of HIV-1 subtype B

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