Effects of azadirachtin in Rhodnius prolixus: data and hypotheses

Garcia, Elói S.; Gonzáles, Mercedes; Azambuja, Patrı́cia

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761991000600025

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Azadirachtin is a natural compound that has been used to inhibit the development of PMVM, affecting several aspects of insect's physiology such as the adhesion of T. cruzi epimastigote forms in the midgut (Garcia et al, , 1991Nogueira et al, 1997;Gonzales et al, 1998). Based on the data shown in Fig.…”

Section: Meanmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the physico-chemical and physiological requirements of hemozoin formation promoted by perimicrovillar membranes in Rhodnius prolixus midgut

Stiebler

Timm

Oliveira

et al. 2010

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Section: Meanmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the physico-chemical and physiological requirements of hemozoin formation promoted by perimicrovillar membranes in Rhodnius prolixus midgut

Stiebler

Timm

Oliveira

et al. 2010

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…Mello et al (2007) observed that the orally treatment of R. prolixus nymphs with the essential oil of Pilocarpus spicatus (Rutaceae) decreased significantly the blood intake in comparison to the control group. Some antifeedant compounds interfere with the perception of feeding stimulants preventing the insects from obtaining the correct taste information, affecting the insect feeding behavior (Garcia et al 1991). However, in our case, the antifeedant effect of carvacrol and thymol against Rhodnius were not strongly enough since only the highest dose of these two compounds led to a decrease in the blood intake when compared to the control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lethal and sublethal effects of essential oil of Lippia sidoides (Verbenaceae) and monoterpenes on Chagas’ disease vector Rhodnius prolixus

Figueiredo

Gomes

Santangelo

et al. 2016

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The aim of this study was to identify the composition of the essential oil from leaves of Lippia sidoides (EOLS), a typical shrub commonly found in the dry northeast of Brazil, popularly known as “alecrim-pimenta”. Additionally, we investigated the nymphicidal, ovicidal, phagoinhibitory and excretion effects of EOLS, its major constituent thymol and its isomer carvacrol, on fourth instar nymphs and eggs of Rhodnius prolixus, the Chagas’ disease vector. The nymphicidal and ovicidal activity of thymol, carvacrol, and EOLS was assessed by tests using impregnated Petri dishes. The lethal concentration values (LC50) for EOLS, carvacrol, and thymol were 54.48, 32.98, and 9.38 mg/cm2, respectively. The ovicidal test showed that both carvacrol and thymol (50 mg/cm2) inhibited hatching (50% and 23.3%, respectively), while treatments with 10 mg/cm2 or 50 mg/cm2 EOLS did not affect the hatching rate at all (80% and 90%, respectively). We observed an anti-feeding effect in insects fed with blood containing natural products at the higher concentrations (100 µg/mL). Finally, excretion rate was affected by EOLS and carvacrol, but not by thymol. These findings offer novel insights into basic physiological processes that make the tested natural compounds interesting candidates for new types of insecticides.

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“…By administering 3 consecutive plain blood meals after the treated one, the effect was found to be irreversible in the 5 μg/ml group and only partially reversible at 1 μg/ml. The authors hypothesized that small amounts of azadirachtin may stably bind to various insect organs including brain, prothoracic glands and ovaries and thus interfere with endocrine regulation [ 46 , 47 ]. An irreversible impact on vitellogenesis was also observed by Dhar and colleagues [ 48 ], studying the effects of long-term exposure to neem volatiles on An.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of repeated NeemAzal®-treated blood meals on the fitness of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes

Dembo

Abay

Dahiya

et al. 2015

Parasites & Vectors

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BackgroundHerbal remedies are widely used in many malaria endemic countries to treat patients, in particular in the absence of anti-malarial drugs and in some settings to prevent the disease. Herbal medicines may be specifically designed for prophylaxis and/or for blocking malaria transmission to benefit both, the individual consumer and the community at large. Neem represents a good candidate for this purpose due to its inhibitory effects on the parasite stages that cause the clinical manifestations of malaria and on those responsible for infection in the vector. Furthermore, neem secondary metabolites have been shown to interfere with various physiological processes in insect vectors. This study was undertaken to assess the impact of the standardised neem extract NeemAzal® on the fitness of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi following repeated exposure to the product through consecutive blood meals on treated mice.MethodsBatches of An. stephensi mosquitoes were offered 5 consecutive blood meals on female BALB/c mice treated with NeemAzal® at an azadirachtin A concentration of 60, 105 or 150 mg/kg. The blood feeding capacity was estimated by measuring the haematin content of the rectal fluid excreted by the mosquitoes during feeding. The number of eggs laid was estimated by image analysis and their hatchability assessed by direct observations.ResultsA dose and frequency dependent impact of NeemAzal® treatment on the mosquito feeding capacity, oviposition and egg hatchability was demonstrated. In the 150 mg/kg treatment group, the mosquito feeding capacity was reduced by 50% already at the second blood meal and by 50 to 80% in all treatment groups at the fifth blood meal. Consequently, a 50 – 65% reduction in the number of eggs laid per female mosquito was observed after the fifth blood meal in all treatment groups. Similarly, after the fifth treated blood meal exposure, hatchability was found to be reduced by 62% and 70% in the 105 and 150 mg/kg group respectively.ConclusionsThe findings of this study, taken together with the accumulated knowledge on neem open the challenging prospects of designing neem-based formulations as multi-target phytomedicines exhibiting preventive, parasite transmission-blocking as well as anti-vectorial properties.

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Effects of azadirachtin in Rhodnius prolixus: data and hypotheses

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

On the physico-chemical and physiological requirements of hemozoin formation promoted by perimicrovillar membranes in Rhodnius prolixus midgut

On the physico-chemical and physiological requirements of hemozoin formation promoted by perimicrovillar membranes in Rhodnius prolixus midgut

Lethal and sublethal effects of essential oil of Lippia sidoides (Verbenaceae) and monoterpenes on Chagas’ disease vector Rhodnius prolixus

Impact of repeated NeemAzal®-treated blood meals on the fitness of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes

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