Schistosoma mansoni: protective antigens

Tendler, Míriam

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761987000800021

Cited by 5 publications

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“…Both high levels of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in sera and gamma interferon (IFN-␥) in antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures were associated with resistance to reinfection (1,22,24,25,27,28,56,57). These data suggest the participation of immunological mechanisms in human resistance to Schistosoma mansoni infection, with mixed cellular and humoral responses.Several S. mansoni antigens have been identified and tested in experimental models, with the induction of variable levels of protection against infection (11,32,49,59,61,(68)(69)(70)74). The World Health Organization (WHO) has selected six of these antigens for further in vitro studies with PBMC from subjects in areas of endemicity for schistosomiasis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Human Immune Responses toSchistosoma mansoniVaccine Candidate Antigens

et al. 2000

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To determine the naturally occurring immunological responses to the Schistosoma mansoni antigens paramyosin, IrV-5, Sm-23 (MAP-3), and triose phosphate isomerase (MAP-4), a total of 119 subjects from an area of endemicity for schistosomiasis, including "resistant" subjects (n ‫؍‬ 17) were evaluated. Specific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, and IgA levels for each of the antigens and the cytokine profile in culture supernatants from antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were determined. Although all the subjects had a high degree of contaminated water exposure, their infection levels were variable (0 to 1,128 eggs/g of stool). There were direct correlations between infection levels and levels of SWAP-and paramyosin-specific IgG1 and IgG4 (P < 0.05). However, an inverse correlation between infection levels and specific IgG2 to IrV-5 (P < 0.01) was observed. The evaluation of the cytokine profile (interleukin 5 [IL-5], IL-10, gamma interferon [IFN-␥], and tumor necrosis factor alpha) in response to these antigens showed inverse correlations between the degree of infection and IFN-␥ levels in PBMC supernatants stimulated with paramyosin (P < 0.05) and IrV-5 (P < 0.01). Additionally, inverse correlations between the degree of infection and IL-5 levels in MAP-3-and MAP-4-stimulated PBMC supernatants (P < 0.01) were found. Logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust the results of cytokine profile by age. IL-5 production in MAP-3-stimulated PBMC supernatants was associated with lower infection levels (odds ratio ‫؍‬ 11.2 [95% confidence interval, 2.7 to 45.8]).Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic infection that affects 200 million people in Africa, South America, and Asia (35). Although treatment of infected people with schistosomicidal drugs has in part controlled the morbidity of the disease, transmission is largely unaltered (3,5,24). The possibility of a schistosomiasis vaccine as an additional measure to control the disease arose from the fact that the parasite does not multiply in human beings and that reduction of infection levels by schistosomicidal drugs reduces the prevalence of severe forms of the disease. Moreover, in experimental models, partial immunity can be induced by vaccination with irradiated cercariae or specific antigens (2,11,14,26,36,37,58,59). Immunological studies of subjects from areas of endemicity have demonstrated a naturally occurring resistance to reinfection (4, 19, 22-25, 27, 28). Both high levels of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in sera and gamma interferon (IFN-␥) in antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures were associated with resistance to reinfection (1,22,24,25,27,28,56,57). These data suggest the participation of immunological mechanisms in human resistance to Schistosoma mansoni infection, with mixed cellular and humoral responses.Several S. mansoni antigens have been identified and tested in experimental models, with the induction of variable levels of protection against infection (11,32,49,59,61,(68)...

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“…Several S. mansoni antigens have been identified and tested in experimental models, with the induction of variable levels of protection against infection (11,32,49,59,61,(68)(69)(70)74). The World Health Organization (WHO) has selected six of these antigens for further in vitro studies with PBMC from subjects in areas of endemicity for schistosomiasis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Human Immune Responses toSchistosoma mansoniVaccine Candidate Antigens

et al. 2000

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“…The analyses were stratified based on the measurement of frequencies of worm burdens within vaccinated animal populations as compared with non-vaccinated infected controls, as opposed to evaluation of mean values of parasite loads, as usually adopted. A solid base of pre-clinical data was generated establishing the immunization protocols that would be adopted during the following steps of the development [23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31].…”

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confidence: 99%

Current Status of the Sm14/GLA-SE Schistosomiasis Vaccine: Overcoming Barriers and Paradigms towards the First Anti-Parasitic Human(itarian) Vaccine

et al. 2018

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Schistosomiasis, a disease historically associated with poverty, lack of sanitation and social inequality, is a chronic, debilitating parasitic infection, affecting hundreds of millions of people in endemic countries. Although chemotherapy is capable of reducing morbidity in humans, rapid re-infection demonstrates that the impact of drug treatment on transmission control or disease elimination is marginal. In addition, despite more than two decades of well-executed control activities based on large-scale chemotherapy, the disease is expanding in many areas including Brazil. The development of the Sm14/GLA-SE schistosomiasis vaccine is an emblematic, open knowledge innovation that has successfully completed phase I and phase IIa clinical trials, with Phase II/III trials underway in the African continent, to be followed by further trials in Brazil. The discovery and experimental phases of the development of this vaccine gathered a robust collection of data that strongly supports the ongoing clinical phase. This paper reviews the development of the Sm14 vaccine, formulated with glucopyranosyl lipid A (GLA-SE), from the initial experimental developments to clinical trials including the current status of phase II studies.

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“…The analyses were stratified based on the measurement of frequencies of worm burden distribution of vaccinated-challenged animal population over non-vaccinated infected controls, as opposed to evaluation of mean values of parasite loads, as usually adopted. A solid base of preclinical data was raised establishing the immunization protocols that would be adopted on the following steps of the development[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

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confidence: 99%

Current Status of the Sm14/GLA-SE Schistosomiasis Vaccine: Overcoming Barriers and Paradigms towards the First Anti-Parasitic Human(itarian) Vaccine

Tendler

Almeida

Vilar

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Schistosomiasis, a disease historically associated with poverty, lack of sanitation and social inequalities, is a chronic, debilitating parasitic infection, affecting hundreds of millions of people in endemic countries. Although schistosomiasis control approach has shown that chemotherapy is capable of reducing morbidity in humans, rapid re-infection is a reminder that the impact of drug treatment on transmission control or elimination initiatives is marginal. In addition, and regardless of more than two decades of well-executed control activities based on large-scale chemotherapy, the disease is expanding in many areas including Brazil. The development of the Sm14/GLA-SE schistosomiasis vaccine is an emblematic open knowledge innovation that has successfully completed Phase I and Phase IIa clinical trials, with Phase II/III trials underway in the African continent and to be followed in Brazil. Discovery and experimental phases were long term achievements leading to a robust collection of data that are strongly supporting the presently ongoing Clinical Phase. This paper reviews the development of the Sm14 vaccine formulated with GLA-SE (Glucopyranosyl Lipid A), from the earlier experimental developments to clinical trials including the recent status of Phase II studies.

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Schistosoma mansoni: protective antigens

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Human Immune Responses toSchistosoma mansoniVaccine Candidate Antigens

Human Immune Responses toSchistosoma mansoniVaccine Candidate Antigens

Current Status of the Sm14/GLA-SE Schistosomiasis Vaccine: Overcoming Barriers and Paradigms towards the First Anti-Parasitic Human(itarian) Vaccine

Current Status of the Sm14/GLA-SE Schistosomiasis Vaccine: Overcoming Barriers and Paradigms towards the First Anti-Parasitic Human(itarian) Vaccine

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