Parasites represent a significant proportion of the total biomass in natural ecosystems, particularly in insect societies (Hughes et al., 2008). Therefore, they are of great ecoethological significance. Manipulative parasites are known to have the ability to redirect host relationships and extend the range of their habitats (Lefevre et al., 2009). However, little is known about the abundance of parasites and pressures imposed through parasitism. Although our understanding of social behavior has benefited greatly from the use of Polistes wasps (Reeve, 1991), the incidence of parasitism in this group has yet to be elucidated in detail. Studies on parasitism in Polistes wasps have mainly focused on the incidence and probable effects of parasitoids belonging to Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and less common Diptera (Makino, 1985; Yamane, 1996). These ectoparasitoids, which oviposit on cell walls, typically attach to pupal hosts and consume them, after which they pupate and leave. Although the parasitoids of Polistes wasps have received less attention in the last few decades, the abundance and ecological impact of the obligatory endoparasites, Strepsiptera have been investigated at length in paper wasps (de