Contribuição para o conhecimento das doenças do grupo "Tifo Exantemático" do Brasil: (Tifo Exantemático Neotrópico)

Abstract

O A. recapitula os dados já conhecidos sôbre a filtrabilidade de muitas Rickettsias e sôbre o que êle chama o ciclo evolutivo das mesmas, citando os trabalhos de S. B. Dulky e E. Gordon sôbre a Coxiella papilliae e a observação de A. Donatien e F. Lestoquard bem como os de P. Giraud. Refere-se à filtrabilidade do agente da febre "Q". Reporta-se depois aos trabalhos de Mme. Ruth Rein Gutfreund sôbre os achados de Rickettsia prowazedi em animais domésticos na Etiópia e a transmissão dos mesmos pelos carrapatos, dizendo que isto confirma suas próprias idéias, de há muito emitidas, de que não há no grupo tifo exantemático, de regra, especificidade estrita para os transmissores, não podendo êste carácter servir de base para classificações racionais. Descreve um caso clínico, mostrando a dificuldade de diagnóstico cofundido com a febre tifóide, mesmo com longa prática do exame na doença e que só a inoculação em animais sensíveis - aqui os cobaios - pode decidir a questão. Estuda depois dois surtos epidêmicos de tifo exantemático neotrópico - em 1950 em Carmópolis (Minas Gerais); outro em 1956, Mucuri (Bahia). Em ambos, a percentagem de mortes dos casos graves, não tratados, foi elevada e a terapêutica pelos antibióticos, principalmente a Cloromicetina e Terramicina foi brilhante. Nestes dois surtos epidêmicos com já se vira em 1941 (4 casos na mesma residência) e 1948 (6 casos na mesma moradia), apuraram-se 2 e 3 casos da doença na mesma casa. As reações de Fixação de Complemento (R.F.C.), Weil-Feliz (W.F.) e Widal - confirmam o diagnóstico de tifo exantemático neotrópico.<br>The author recapitulates the data already known on the filtration of many Rickttsias and on what he calls the evolutive cycle of the same, citing the works of S. B. Dulky and E. E. Gordon on the Coxiella papilliae and the observation of A. Donatien and F. Letoquard as also those of P. Giraud. He refers to the filtration of the agent of "Q" fever. He then alludes to the works of Mme. Ruth Rien Gutfeund on the finding of Rickettsia Prowazeki in domestic animals in Ethiopia and their transmission by ticks, saying that this confirms his own ideas, expressed long ago, that there is not, in the exanthematic typhus group, usually, strict specificness for the carries, therefore this feature cannot serve as a basis for rational classification. He describes a clinic case, showing the difficulty of a diagnosis confounded with typhoid fever, even after long experience in examining the disease and that only an inoculation in sensitive animals - here guiena-pigs - can decide the question. He next studies two epidemical outbreaks of neotropic exanthematic typhus - in 1950 in Carmópolis (Minas Gerais); another in 1956 in Mucuri (Bahia). In both the percentage of deaths, in the serous cases, that had no treatment, was high and the therapeutics by the antibiotics, principally Cloromicetina and Terramycina was brilliant. In these two epidemical outbreaks as happened in 1941 (4 cases in a house) and 1948 (6 cases in a house) there were 2 and 3 cases in a family. the ...

Spotted fever in Brazil: a seroepidemiological study and description of clinical cases in an endemic area in the state of São Paulo.

“…1,2 As with Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) in North America, the disease is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. In Central and South America, the Cayenne tick (Amblyomma cajennense) is the most important vector for R. rickettsii, and humans are frequently bitten by larvae and nymphs of this tick.…”

“…In Central and South America, the Cayenne tick (Amblyomma cajennense) is the most important vector for R. rickettsii, and humans are frequently bitten by larvae and nymphs of this tick. The clinical presentation of BSF closely resembles RMSF [1][2][3][4][5] and typically presents as sudden onset of fever, malaise, myalgia, headache, chills, and conjunctival injection, followed several days later by a maculopapular rash. Before the development of antibiotics effective against rickettsiae (e.g., tetracyclines and chloramphenicol), case-fatality ratios of patients infected with R. rickettsii were as high as 25-80%.…”

“…Before the development of antibiotics effective against rickettsiae (e.g., tetracyclines and chloramphenicol), case-fatality ratios of patients infected with R. rickettsii were as high as 25-80%. 2,6 Although BSF generally occurs sporadically, geographic and family clusters of disease have been described. 2,7 Following the initial description of BSF in 1920, 8 relatively few cases were reported in Brazil in the subsequent 60 years.…”

“…2,6 Although BSF generally occurs sporadically, geographic and family clusters of disease have been described. 2,7 Following the initial description of BSF in 1920, 8 relatively few cases were reported in Brazil in the subsequent 60 years. In the last two decades, however, more than 90 confirmed cases have been reported in the southeastern region of the country.…”

Primary isolation of spotted fever group rickettsiae from Amblyomma cooperi collected from Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris in Brazil

“…In Brazil, most human cases of this rickettsiosis described have been limited to the southeastern region states where dozens of confirmed cases have occurred in the last two decades (Gonçalves et al 1981, Lemos 1991, Souza et al 1991, Dietz et al 1992, Melles et al 1992. In Brazil, Amblyomma cajennense is considered the most important ixodid vector and although the studies performed by the 1950's identified other arthropod vectors as potential vector, naturally infected ticks were rarely reported (Dias 1938, Dias & Martins 1939, Travasssos & Vallejo-Freire 1944-1945, Magalhães 1952, Aragão & Martins 1961, McDade & Newhouse 1986.…”