Formação de raça do hematozoario do impaludismo rezistente á quinina

Neiva, Arthur

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761910000100009

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Quinine was already the antimalarial of choice in Brazil at the beginning of the XX century. However, quinine resistance was first noted in 1907 in RJ and then again in 1910 after it was distributed as a prophylactic to railway workers in RO ( Neiva 1910 , da Silva & Benchimol 2014). CQ was first used from 1946-1947 in Belém and Santarém hospitals at a dosage of 1,500 mg. P. falciparum recrudescence was reported, leading one author to suggest that there were already CQ resistant parasites circulating prior to CQ’s introduction ( Reyes 1981) .…”

Section: History Of Drug Use and First Reports Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

A historical perspective on malaria control in Brazil

Griffing

Tauil

Udhayakumar

et al. 2015

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Malaria has always been an important public health problem in Brazil. The early history of Brazilian malaria and its control was powered by colonisation by Europeans and the forced relocation of Africans as slaves. Internal migration brought malaria to many regions in Brazil where, given suitableAnopheles mosquito vectors, it thrived. Almost from the start, officials recognised the problem malaria presented to economic development, but early control efforts were hampered by still developing public health control and ignorance of the underlying biology and ecology of malaria. Multiple regional and national malaria control efforts have been attempted with varying success. At present, the Amazon Basin accounts for 99% of Brazil’s reported malaria cases with regional increases in incidence often associated with large scale public works or migration. Here, we provide an exhaustive summary of primary literature in English, Spanish and Portuguese regarding Brazilian malaria control. Our goal was not to interpret the history of Brazilian malaria control from a particular political or theoretical perspective, but rather to provide a straightforward, chronological narrative of the events that have transpired in Brazil over the past 200 years and identify common themes.

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Section: History Of Drug Use and First Reports Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

A historical perspective on malaria control in Brazil

Griffing

Tauil

Udhayakumar

et al. 2015

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Indeed, the first evidence of malaria parasite’s resistance to quinine came from Brazil in the early 1900s. Arthur Neiva, in 1907, diagnosed malaria infections in individuals under compulsory prophylaxis with quinine (500 mg every 2 or 3 days) who worked in highly malarious marshlands 60 km away from Rio de Janeiro, the country’s capital at that time [ 91 ]. He thus recommended daily 500 mg doses of quinine as the only effective chemoprophylaxis in that area [ 91 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arthur Neiva, in 1907, diagnosed malaria infections in individuals under compulsory prophylaxis with quinine (500 mg every 2 or 3 days) who worked in highly malarious marshlands 60 km away from Rio de Janeiro, the country’s capital at that time [ 91 ]. He thus recommended daily 500 mg doses of quinine as the only effective chemoprophylaxis in that area [ 91 ]. Miguel Couto [ 92 ] reported the use of intravenous methylene blue to treat quinine-resistant malaria infections acquired in Rio de Janeiro as well as in the Amazon, but he did not describe the quinine dose initially used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for malaria elimination in Brazil

Ferreira

Castro

2016

Malar J

166

228

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Brazil currently contributes 42 % of all malaria cases reported in the Latin America and the Caribbean, a region where major progress towards malaria elimination has been achieved in recent years. In 2014, malaria burden in Brazil (143,910 microscopically confirmed cases and 41 malaria-related deaths) has reached its lowest levels in 35 years, Plasmodium falciparum is highly focal, and the geographic boundary of transmission has considerably shrunk. Transmission in Brazil remains entrenched in the Amazon Basin, which accounts for 99.5 % of the country’s malaria burden. This paper reviews major lessons learned from past and current malaria control policies in Brazil. A comprehensive discussion of the scientific and logistic challenges that may impact malaria elimination efforts in the country is presented in light of the launching of the Plan for Elimination of Malaria in Brazil in November 2015. Challenges for malaria elimination addressed include the high prevalence of symptomless and submicroscopic infections, emerging anti-malarial drug resistance in P. falciparum and Plasmodium vivax and the lack of safe anti-relapse drugs, the largely neglected burden of malaria in pregnancy, the need for better vector control strategies where Anopheles mosquitoes present a highly variable biting behaviour, human movement, the need for effective surveillance and tools to identify foci of infection in areas with low transmission, and the effects of environmental changes and climatic variability in transmission. Control actions launched in Brazil and results to come are likely to influence control programs in other countries in the Americas.

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“…This report was presented anecdotally at a Congress and described the inefficacy of quinine (QN) prophylaxis in workers during the construction of the Madeira-Mamoré Railway in RO. In 1908, Miguel Couto also reported falciparum malaria patients not responding to QN in Rio de Janeiro (RJ), but it was Arthur Neiva (Neiva 1910) who published the first scientific evidence of QN resistance in workers from RJ two years later.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%