Daily activity and microhabitat use of sympatric lizards from Serra do Cipó, southeastern Brazil

Filogonio, Renato; Lama, Fernanda S. Del; Machado, Leonardo L.; Drumond, Michelle; Zanon, Isabella; Mezzetti, Nathália A.; Galdino, Conrado A. B.

doi:10.1590/s0073-47212010000400008

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…irwinii [ 40 ]. Due to their high abundances in campo rupestre vegetation [ 59 , 61 ], we believe that the contribution of lizard species as secondary dispersers of M . irwinii seeds needs deeper investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handling by avian frugivores affects diaspore secondary removal

et al. 2018

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The balance between the costs and benefits of fleshy fruit production depends on the feeding behavior of their seed dispersers, which might effectively disperse seeds to farther areas or drop beneath parent plants some diaspores they handle during frugivory bouts. Nevertheless, the consequences of variation in fruit handling by primary seed dispersers on the secondary removal of diaspores remains poorly understood. We conducted a field study to determine how variation in fruit handling by avian frugivores affects short-term secondary removal of Miconia irwinii (Melastomataceae) diaspores by the ground-dwelling fauna in campo rupestre vegetation, southeastern Brazil. We conducted factorial experiments manipulating: (1) different outcomes of primary fruit/seed removal by birds, (2) distances of diaspore deposition from conspecifics, and (3) the access of ants and vertebrates to diaspores. We showed that secondary removal of diaspores was highly variable at the population scale, with an overall low removal rate by the ground-dwelling fauna (13% seeds, 19% fruits). However, we found that gut-passed seeds embedded in bird feces were less removed than seeds expelled from fruits. Gut-passed seeds were more likely to be removed by ant species acting as secondary dispersers, whereas pulp-free seeds dropped by birds were likely to interact with potential seed predators, including ants and rodents. We found no clear effect of dispersal from parent plant vicinity on seed removal, but fruit removal was significantly higher near parent plants. Partially defleshed fruits were more removed than intact fruits. The removal of fruits by ant and vertebrate rescuers, including lizards and birds, might reduce the costs of interactions with less effective dispersers that drop partially defleshed fruits under parent plants. Our study highlights that variation in fruit handling by primary avian seed dispersers mediate subsequent interactions among discarded diaspores and ground-dwelling animals, potentially affecting final seed fates. Moreover, we argue that escape-related benefits of dispersal can be contingent on how primary dispersers handle and discard seeds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handling by avian frugivores affects diaspore secondary removal

et al. 2018

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“…Lizards are ectotherms, thus adjusting their activity patterns and behaviours according to environmental conditions (e.g. Hatano et al ., 2001; Filogonio et al ., 2010), and so patterns of helminth infection can be expected to vary seasonally as well, reflecting the behavioural adjustments of these hosts (Ribas et al ., 1995; Vrcibradic et al, 1999; Pereira et al ., 2012; Brito et al ., 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematode infection patterns in a Neotropical lizard species from an insular mountain habitat in Brazil

et al. 2016

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Neotropical lizards are known to harbour rich nematode parasite faunas; however, knowledge of the diversity and patterns of infection are still lacking for many species. This is true for the genus Tropidurus, in which data on patterns of parasitism are known for only approximately 11 of its 30 species. We show that the nematode fauna associated with a population of Tropidurus montanus is composed of three species of host-generalist parasites with high overall prevalence. Male and female lizards did not differ in infection pattern and there was no relationship between host body size and intensity of infection for the most prevalent parasite species. Nevertheless, overall prevalence changed seasonally, with a higher proportion of parasitized individuals being found in the dry period than in the rainy period. We discuss our findings in the context of diet patterns of T. montanus, which we suggest may explain the similarities in prevalence and intensity of infection between the sexes. In addition, seasonal changes in diet are considered to be related to the observed differences in prevalence between dry and rainy periods.

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“…In an evolutionary context, the digit ratio can be associated with microhabitat usage amongst species and variation in the digit ratio (2D:4D) was negatively correlated to the use of perches in iguanian lizards (Gomes and Kohlsdorf 2011). However, E. nanuzae is a saxicolous species and thus males and females use predominantly rocky substrate to perform their activities (Filogonio et al 2010) and only males were usually seen perched on vegetation (SPR Ventura pers. comm.).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eurolophosaurus nanuzae is a small-sized species and Tropidurus montanus is a medium-sized lizard species. Both species are saxicolous (Filogonio et al 2010) and frequently sympatric, occurring on the rocky outcrop habitats from mountain environments. Tropidurus torquatus is a generalist species regarding microhabitat use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digit ratio in three species of tropidurid lizards

Miranda¹,

Goulart²,

Galdino³

2021

Herpetozoa

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Proportions between pairs of digits are linked to fitness in tetrapods and they can be influenced by sex hormones through individuals’ ontogenies. Therefore, in many species, the proportions amongst finger length ratios (referred as digit ratio, i.e. 2D second and 4D fourth digits) can differ between males and females. We investigated whether the three most commonly used forelimb digit ratios are sexually dimorphic in three tropidurid species. In one of the three lizard species, Eurolophosaurus nanuzae, males and females differ for only 2D:4D digit ratio. Otherwise, our results on the studied Tropidurus species conform to previous studies showing no differences in digit ratios between males and females. Hence, it might be the case of local selective forces shaping interpopulation variation in the expression of sexual dimorphism for digit ratio.

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Daily activity and microhabitat use of sympatric lizards from Serra do Cipó, southeastern Brazil

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Handling by avian frugivores affects diaspore secondary removal

Handling by avian frugivores affects diaspore secondary removal

Nematode infection patterns in a Neotropical lizard species from an insular mountain habitat in Brazil

Digit ratio in three species of tropidurid lizards

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