Uso da radiação gama na determinação da densidade aparente e da umidade do solo

Reichardt, Klaus

doi:10.1590/s0071-12761965000100017

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In Brazil, the thesis of Professor Klaus Reichardt, presented in 1965 at the University of São Paulo (Reichardt, 1965), can be considered the pioneering study in the use of GAM for measurements of soil bulk density and water content (Table 1). Another important study was made by Professor Epaminondas Ferraz, in his associate professor thesis presented in 1974, measuring simultaneously soil bulk density and water content combining two radioactive sources (Ferraz, 1974).…”

Section: Gamma-ray Attenuation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of nuclear techniques in soil science: A literature review of the Brazilian contribution

Pires¹,

Cássaro²,

Correchel³

2021

Revista Brasileira De Ciência Do Solo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review presents the basic research and some applications of the gamma-ray attenuation, neutron gauges, and 137 Cs fallout techniques for studying soil physical processes and properties. The selected studies aimed to give the readers a general idea of the use of these nuclear techniques carried out by Brazilian researchers in the past decades. It is expected to assist future researchers by identifying knowledge gaps and opportunities for applying the methods presented here. Around 100 studies were selected for this review. The papers dealing with gamma-ray attenuation are mostly related to the analysis of soil radiation interactions, the measurement of basic soil physical properties, the evaluation of hydraulic conductivity, water retention curve, and soil mechanical analysis. Neutron gauge applications are related to monitoring the water distribution and balance at the field scale, procedures for calibrating the existing gauge for the Brazilian soils, and analyzing the spatial and temporal variability of the soil water content. The 137 Cs methodology involves studies about the erosion and sediment deposition in small watersheds and riparian zones, the spatial variability of 137 Cs inventories at reference sites, and the measurement of sediment spatial distributions. Future studies with the gamma-ray attenuation methodology should focus on a better comprehension of the photon interaction with the soil and a correct selection of photon energies to investigate contrasting soils. This is mandatory for adopting it as a reliable tool for soil characterization. This review also revealed that the challenges for the future use of the 137 Cs fallout technique involve the continuous decrease of the 137 Cs activity worldwide, including in Brazil. Advances in detection systems (gamma spectrometers) will be required to overcome this issue. Future studies should focus on the use of correction factors related to the enrichment of fine particles during the transport of sediments to improve the estimates obtained through the conversion models. The use of neutron gauges to detect soil water content at the field scale depends on the adoption of reliable calibration curves. Then, comprehending how soil properties alter this curve and how it affects the water balance is a study of great interest. Motivated by strict regulations on the use of radioactive materials, the adoption of gauges with less activity is becoming a new goal. Thus, the development of more effective systems of neutron detection is crucial.

show abstract

Section: Gamma-ray Attenuation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of nuclear techniques in soil science: A literature review of the Brazilian contribution

Pires¹,

Cássaro²,

Correchel³

2021

Revista Brasileira De Ciência Do Solo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Gamma Ray Transmission (GRT) technique in physics of soil was first applied to density measurements, according to Reginato & Van Bavel, 1964, and later for determination of soil moisture content. One of the earliest work using the GRT technique was carried out by Reichardt, 1965. The GRT allows nondestructive measurements of density and soil moisture content, study of soil compaction caused by agricultural machinery and also the monitoring of changes in soil profile density (Portezan Filho, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Hydraulic Conductivity of Undisturbed Soil Column: a Measurement Accomplished with the Gamma Ray Transmission Technique

Moreira¹,

Filho²,

Cavalcante³

et al. 2011

Developments in Hydraulic Conductivity Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The gamma ray attenuation technique in the soil physics was applied initially for bulk density measurements (Reginato and Van Bavel, 1964) and later for determination of the water content in the soil. Reichardt (1965) used the gamma ray attenuation in the Brazilian soils. In this method, an accurate measurement of the sample thickness is important to avoid erroneous results of the bulk density and water content in the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma ray transmission for hydraulic conductivity measurement of undisturbed soil columns

Moreira

Filho

Cavalcante

et al. 2007

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work had the objective to determine the Hydraulic Conductivity K(θ) function for different depth levels z, of columns of undisturbed soil, using the gamma ray transmission technique applied to the Sisson method. The results indicated a growing behavior for K(θ) and a homogeneous soil density, both in relation to the increase of the depth. The methodology of gamma ray transmission showed satisfactory results on the determination of the hydraulic conductivity in columns of undisturbed soil, besides being very reliable and a nondestructive method.

show abstract

Uso da radiação gama na determinação da densidade aparente e da umidade do solo

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Use of nuclear techniques in soil science: A literature review of the Brazilian contribution

Use of nuclear techniques in soil science: A literature review of the Brazilian contribution

Determination of Hydraulic Conductivity of Undisturbed Soil Column: a Measurement Accomplished with the Gamma Ray Transmission Technique

Gamma ray transmission for hydraulic conductivity measurement of undisturbed soil columns

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About