Dieta vegetariana e níveis de colesterol e triglicérides

Abstract

Objective: Compare levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) among vegetarians and omnivores.Methods: Blood samples were collected from 76 individuals -both males and females -separated in four different diet groups: omnivores, lacto-ovo vegetarians, lacto vegetarians, and restricted vegetarians (or vegans). Dosing was done for: TC, LDL, HDL and TG.Results: Significant difference was reported for TC, LDL and TG levels among the samples. Higher levels were reported by omnivores, with decreased levels for vegetarians as animal products were restricted, with lowest levels having been reported by vegans. Mean and standard deviation for TC were 208.09 ± 49.09 mg/dl in the group of omnivores, and 141.06 ± 30.56 mg/dl in the group of vegans (p < 0.001). LDL values for omnivores and vegans were respectively: 123.43 ± 42.67 mg/dl and 69.28 ± 29.53 mg/dl (p < 0.001). As for TG, those values were 155.68 ± 119.84 mg/dl and 81.67 ± 81.90 mg/dl (p < 0.01). As for HDL level no difference was reported between the samples, but HDL/TC ratio was significantly higher in vegans (p = 0.01). Conclusion:Vegetarian diet was associated to lower levels of TG, TC and LDL as compared to the diet of omnivores.

Effects of Vegetarian Diets on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…Although a large number of cross‐sectional studies14, 15 have shown that concentrations of TC, LDL‐C, and TG were much lower in vegetarians than in omnivores, a few studies32, 33 have found no such relationships with HDL‐C and TG concentrations. A meta‐analysis of 12 observational studies with a total of 4177 participants revealed no evidence showing that HDL‐C concentrations differed in vegetarians and omnivores 34.…”

“…Regarding the effects of vegetarian diets on blood lipid concentrations, several cross‐sectional studies showed that vegetarians have significantly lower concentrations of TC, LDL‐C, and TG compared with omnivores 14, 15. Nevertheless, data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of vegetarian diets on blood lipid concentrations have generated mixed findings, especially regarding high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) and TG.…”

Methodological adequacy of articles published in two open-access Brazilian cardiology periodicals

“…Cross-sectional studies [15][16][17][18] and case reports were the types most frequently found, respectively in Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia and Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular. 19,20 The two periodicals together published a total of five guidelines, both in regular issues and in supplements, as can be seen in Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia.…”

Metabolic syndrome in adults: relation with diet and other lifestyle factors

“…De Baise et al [128] tried to compare levels of TG, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol between vegetarians (lacto-ovo vegetarians [n=19], lacto vegetarians [n=17] and vegans [n=18]) and omnivores (n=22). For the same, blood samples were drawn from 76 adults and it was observed that there was a significant difference for these biochemical parameter values among all groups except for HDLcholesterol.…”