Perfil da pressão arterial ao longo da árvore arterial e genética da hipertensão

Abstract

The conformation of blood pressure curve varies extremely from larger to smaller arteries due to different predominant structure and functional properties of the arterial wall along the arterial system. The simple determination of two points of the blood pressure curve, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, has been used in most of epidemiologic and genetic studies on hypertension, without taken into account the difference profi le of blood pressure curve along the arterial tree. Recently, non-invasive pulse wave analysis has identifi ed measurements of arterial stiffness as an independent factor of cardiovascular risk in hypertensives. Different determinants of arterial stiffness seem to be genetically determined. Future studies on the genetics of hypertension should consider the blood pressure profi le and its main determinants.

Impact of gonadectomy on blood pressure regulation in ageing male and female rats

“…The discrepancy between blood pressures measured by telemetry and using an indirect tail-cuff method is of some interest. As described previously [22], tail-cuff pressures are prone to artefacts that are associated with stress but may also differ from central readings that are not obtained from resistance vessels due to factors such as the length of the arterial tree, length of the systole [40, 41], arterial stiffness [42] and activity of the autonomic nervous system. We might suspect a very distinct attenuation the vagal component of baroreflex sensitivity at 18 months of age in the castrated group as this was observed in a short-term study of castrated sexually matured male rats [43].…”

Effects of cycling bouts performed with different intensities and amounts of energy expended on central pressure and pulse wave reflection in normotensive and hypertensive men

“…Current evidence, however, supports the notion that central pressure, influenced by pulse wave reflection and arterial stiffness, is a stronger predictor of adverse cardiovascular events. This is because the heart, kidneys and major arteries supplying the brain are exposed to central pressures, highlighting the importance of BP evaluation in other segments of the arterial tree beyond brachial BP [7]. Indeed, the importance of central pressure and pulse wave reflection for predicting the risk of cardiovascular events appears clearly established and highlights the need for research investigating the direct impact of aerobic exercise on central hemodynamic markers [8].…”

Comparação da rigidez arterial central e da morfologia da onda de pulso, durante o envelhecimento, em indivíduos idosos e muito idosos.

“…A Pressão de Pulso (PP), compreendida e obtida pela diferença entre a PAS e a PAD, é considerada a melhor preditora de eventos cardiovasculares, uma vez que reflete a interação entre a fração de ejeção e as propriedades hemodinâmicas das grandes artérias e corresponde ao elemento pulsátil da pressão arterial (BORTOLOTTO, SAFAR, 2006;SALVI, 2017).…”