Análise de rendimento cárneo das principais espécies de peixes comercializadas no Estado do Amazonas, Brasil

Abstract

A possibilidade do aproveitamento integral dos recursos pesqueiros tem produzido diversas pesquisas sobre os aspectos tecnológicos e nutricionais, objetivando estimular a exploração comercial de várias espécies, bem como oferecer suporte para a implantação de indústrias na região. o presente trabalho determinou o rendimento cárneo de dez espécies com maior volume de desembarque no estado do Amazonas, visando fornecer dados mais recentes para a indústria de beneficiamento de pescado. As espécies foram selecionadas segundo dados estatísticos do IBAmA e coletadas em dois períodos sazonais (cheia e seca), no município de manacapuru-Am. no período da cheia, os percentuais médios de rendimento das espécies atingiram 69,4% de corpo limpo, 38,4% de filé com pele e 30,7% de filé sem pele, cortes preferenciais para comercialização. na seca estes valores foram de 69%; 37,6%; 29,5%, respectivamente. As dez espécies de peixes amazônicos estudadas apresentaram bom rendimento cárneo, com potencial para uso em diversos procedimentos tecnológicos. PalavRas-chave: Pescado de água doce, rendimento cárneo, variação sazonal. Meat yield analysis of the major fish species commercialized in the state of Amazonas, Brazil abstRactThe possibility of whole use of fishery resources has led institutions and researchers to establish permanent studies on technological and nutritional aspects, aiming to stimulate commercial exploitation as well as to support the setting up industries in the region, that can make products of excellent quality based on regional fishes. This study determined the meat yield of ten species with the highest fish landing volume in Amazonas, aiming to provide more recent data for the fish processing industry. The species were selected according to data of IBAmA and collected in two seasons (flood and drought), in the municipality of manacapuru-Am. In the flood period, the average yield reached 69.4% for gutted body, 38.4% for fillets with skin, and 30.7% for skinless fillets, which are the favored commercial cuts. In the drought period, data showed 69%, 37.6%, and 29.5% respectively. The analyses showed that the ten Amazon fish species have a high potential for use in several technological procedures.

Fillet and carcass yield and fillet chemical composition of piava from fish farming and from the wild

“…During fish processing the following weights were recorded with a digital scale: total; scaled fish; scaled and eviscerated fish; viscera; carcass; head; fillet with skin and fillet without skin. Carcass was considered the clean body trunk of the fish without head, viscera, fins and scales, but with skin (SOUZA and INHAMUNS, 2011). After fish processing, the fillets without skin were identified and stored in plastic bags at -20 °C.…”

“…(BURKERT et al, 2008), pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) (FRASCÁ-SCORVO et al, 2008), jundia catfish (Rhamdia quelen) and dourado (Salminus brasiliensis) (VEIVERBERG et al, 2008), ten Amazonian fish (SOUZA and INHAMUNS, 2011) and pacu-caranha (Piractus mesopotamicus) (LIMA et al, 2012). About the exotic fish group, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the most studied fish in this area (SOUZA, 2002;LEONHARDT et al, 2006;MARENGONI and SANTOS, 2006;VEIVERBERG et al, 2008;PIRES et al, 2011).…”

Propriedades químicas e rendimento da piramutaba (Brachyplastystoma vaillantii, Valenciennes, 1840)

“…Em complemento, o melhor aproveitamento da carne do pescado se dá a partir do conhecimento de sua composição química (HUSS,1998). Como em vários trabalho se tem mostrado a importância quanto a caracterização da matéria-prima com relação a composição e rendimento de carcaça e filé (SANTOS et al, 2000;GOMIERO et al, 2003, BOSCOLO et al, 2004SOUZA e INHAMUNS, 2011).…”

Reproductive cycle of the Amazonian planktivorous catfish Hypophthalmus marginatus (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae)

“…The GSI values of mature females of Brycon orbignyanus (Ganeco et al, ), Piaractus mesopotamicus (Romagosa, Paiva, Godinho, & Storfer, ), Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (Romagosa et al, ), Prochilodus lineatus (Hainfellner, Souza, et al, ), Leporinus piau (Araújo, Oliveira, Costa, & Novaes, ), Salminus hilarii (Honji et al, ; Moreira et al, ), Rhamdia quelen (Reidel et al, ), Brycon amazonicus (Hainfellner, de Souza, Munoz, & Batlouni, ) and Leporinus elongatus (Pereira, Boscolo, Moreira, & Batlouni, ) were 15%, 15%, 15%, 19%, 20%, 16%, 10%, 15% and 16% respectively. The relatively small GSI values of species belonging to the Hypophthalmus genus may be associated with the small celomic cavity and the displacement of the organs towards the ventral part of the animal, whereas the caudal portion of the animal is entirely occupied by muscles, which is associated with its high fillet yield (Souza & Inhamuns, ), and also attributable to the fact that these species do not form fat deposits; rather, the fat is diffused in muscle tissue, giving the fillet its high fat content (Carvalho, ).…”