Regeneración natural de nueve especies maderables en un bosque intervenido de la Amazonia Boliviana

Abstract

RESUMENUn aspecto fundamental del manejo forestal sostenible, es el mantenimiento de la regeneración natural en los bosques aprovechados. A corto y largo plazo, el aprovechamiento forestal tiene varias consecuencias, sobre la regeneración natural de las especies forestales. Esta investigación, compara la abundancia de la regeneración natural y la distribución espacial de plántulas de nueve especies maderables, entre un bosque aprovechado y un testigo. La abundancia y estructura espacial, fue determinada mediante 55 parcelas de muestreo anidadas (20 x 20 m, 10 x 10 m), estas fueron distribuidas en 180 hectáreas en cada condición de bosque evaluado. Dentro de las parcelas de 10 x 10 m, se registraron las categorías: plántula, brinzal y latizal. En las parcelas de 20 x 20, se midieron los árboles semilleros con DAP ≥ 20 cm. En bosque aprovechado C. racemosa, T. altissima y A. lecointei mostraron mayor abundancia total. Según categorías de regeneración, la abundancia de P. corymbosum resultó mayor en bosque aprovechado; pero en las especies C. racemosa, T. altissima, D. odorata y C. micrantha fue mayor en el bosque testigo. La abundancia de A. lecointei, P. heterophylla y Virola sp. no difirió entre sitios. Espacialmente, solo A. lecointei y Virola sp mostraron patrones diferentes entre condiciones de bosque estudiados. Estos resultados, permiten concluir que el aprovechamiento forestal, no modifica significativamente la abundancia y estructura espacial de la regeneración de todas las especies forestales, por lo que, las intensidades de extracción moderada no comprometería el potencial de la regeneración natural en bosques manejados. PALABRAS-CLAVE: Regeneración natural, abundancia, bosque aprovechado, especies forestales, patrón espacial. Natural regeneration of nine commercial timber species in a selectively logged forest in the Bolivian Amazon ABSTRACTA key attribute of sustainable forest management is the natural regeneration of exploited tree species in selectively logged forests. Selective logging has various consequences for natural regeneration, both on the short and the long term. In this study, the recruit abundance and spatial distribution of nine exploited tree species was determined, and compared between a logged and an undisturbed forest area in the Bolivian Amazon. The recruit abundance and spatial distribution was evaluated in 55 nested plots (20 x 20m, 10 x 10m) within 180 ha of forest, in each of the two study sites. Within the 10 x 10 m plots, seedlings, saplings and pole-sized trees were searched, measured and located. In the 20 x 20 m plots, reproductive individuals of >20 cm Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) were included. In the exploited forest, total abundance of C. racemosa, T. altissima and A. lecointei was higher than in the undisturbed forests. In some of the categories recruits of P. corymbosum were more abundant in the exploited forest, while the reverse was found for certain size categories of C. racemosa, T. altissima, D. odorata and C. odorata. The recruit abundance of A. lecointei, P...

Disturbance Level Determines the Regeneration of Commercial Tree Species in the Eastern Amazon

“…As no large reduction in seedling and sapling densities was observed (Fig. ), it can be concluded that RIL does not seem to negatively impact the regeneration of the species studied, in common with findings elsewhere (Swaine & Agyeman , Gómez , Edwards et al . ).…”

Mid-term effects of reduced-impact logging on the regeneration of seven tree commercial species in the Eastern Amazon

“…Regarding the other two PST species, D. odorata and H. courbaril had low regeneration density in the studied area, as in other Amazonian locations (Gómez, 2011). Despite an increase in recruitment rate of D. odorata in the first year after harvesting, RIL did not affect its density.…”

“…In tropical forests, regeneration may depend on natural disturbances (Fredericksen and Putz, 2003). Disturbances caused by logging may affect regeneration of valuable tree species in different ways (Gómez, 2011;Herrero-Jáuregui et al, 2011). Canopy opening increases the density and growth rates of both light-demanding (Nabe-Nielsen et al, 2007) as well as shade-tolerant species (Toledo-Aceves et al, 2009).…”

Natural re generation in tropical forests

“…Several studies have used this quantification of the entire world's rainforests (Jardim & Hosokawa, 1986;Holmgren;Persson, 2002;Grogan et al, 2008;Assis & Wittmann, 2011;Gómez, 2011;Mendes et al, 2013). In this sense, the size limit of the NR is very arbitrary and depends on the objectives of the evaluation.…”